adj. shut.
Sindarin
coll
adjective. hollow
coll
adjective. hollow
hollen
adjective. closed, shut
hollen
noun. closed
hollen
adjective. shut
hol-
verb. to close, shut
holl
noun. cock, cockerel, rooster
A neologism for “cock, cockerel, rooster” proposed by Gábor Lőrinczi appearing in the VQP (VQP), derived from primitive ✶khollō̆ “cock” which appeared in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s (PE21/82).
hol
close
#hol- (i chôl, i chelir), pa.t. perhaps holl as suggested by the passive participle hollen ”closed” (the only attested form of this verb). Conceivably, hollen in the source could be a lenited form of sollen, in which case this verb should begin in s- rather than h- when not mutated.
hol
close
(i chôl, i chelir), pa.t. perhaps holl as suggested by the passive participle hollen ”closed” (the only attested form of this verb). Conceivably, hollen in the source could be a lenited form of sollen, in which case this verb should begin in s- rather than h- when not mutated.****
coll
hollow
(lenited goll; pl. cyll). (WJ:414) Note: homophones mean "red, scarlet" and also "cloak".
hollen
closed
(passive participle) hollen; see CLOSE.
eregion
place name. Hollin, (lit.) Holly-region
The realm of the Noldor in Middle-earth during the Second Age, translated “Hollin” (LotR/305) but more accurately “Holly-region” (RC/772). This name is a combination of ereg “holly” and the suffix -ion “-region” (SA/ereg; PE17/37, 42).
Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, this region was first named N. Nan-eregdos in a chronology for Chapter XV (TI/166), but appeared in the draft text as N. Eregion (TI/124-5). This form also appeared in The Etymologies, already with the derivation given above (Ety/ÉREK).
nogrod
place name. Hollowbold; (lit.) Hollow-delving, (later) Dwarf-delving
A Dwarven city in the Blue Mountains translated “Hollowbold” (S/91) or “Dwarrowdelf” (WJ/209). Originally, this name was North Sindarin (NS.) Novrod, a translation of Khuzdul Tumunzahar “Hollowbold”, but its initial element NS. nôf fell out of common use and the name was reformed as Nogrod (WJ/209, 389, 414). The reformed name was reinterpreted as a combination of S. naug “dwarf” and grod “delving”, hence: “Dwarrowdelf” or “Dwarf-delving” (SA/naug, groth).
Conceptual Development: The name G. Nogrod appeared in the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/224) and N. Nogrod was translated “Dwarfmine” in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/274). In The Etymologies it was translated “Dwarf-city” and given as a combination of N. naug “dwarf” and the root ᴹ√ROD or ᴹ√ROT “cave” (Ety/NAUK, EtyAC/NAUK). The more elaborate etymology given above was developed in conjunction with the Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/209, 389, 414).
ereg
noun. holly, thorn, holly, [N.] holly-tree, [S.] thorn
The Sindarin word for “holly”, most notably as an element in the name S. Eregion “Hollin” (SA/ereg; PE17/42). N. ereg “holly-tree” first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s based on the root ᴹ√EREK “thorn”, along with a longer variant N. eregdos where the second element was N. toss “low-growing tree” (Ety/ERÉK, TUS).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had two different words for “holly”: G. criscolas “holly” = crisc “sharp” + lass “leaf” (GL/27), as well as G. sempios “holly” = sen “brown-red” + a variant of piog “berry” (GL/67).
region
noun. holly-tree area
[HKF] reg (Dor. regorn “holly tree”) + ion (Dor. gen. pl. suffix) = Dor. Regornion [Etym. ERÉK-]
Eregion
place name. Hollin
bar-goll
place name. Hollow Dwelling
Another name for Nogrod (NS. Novrod), a more direct translation of Kh. Tumunzahar “Hollowbold” (WJ/414). The initial element of the name is bâr “dwelling” and the second element is the lenited form goll of coll “hollow” (WJ/414).
ereg
noun. holly
_ n. Bot. _holly. >> Eregion
naw
adjective. hollow
ereg
noun. holly-tree, thorn
raudh
adjective. hollow, cavernous
region
place name. *Hollin
A forested region within Doriath (S/121). The name resembles Eregion, and probably has a similar meaning. Christopher Tolkien indicated its initial element is a variant form of ereg “holly” (SA/ereg), and its final element may be -ion “-region” (as suggested by David Salo, GS/389).
Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this region was first named Ilk. Region (LR/126), which was designated a Doriathrin [Ilkorin] name in The Etymologies, the genitive plural of Ilk. reg (Ety/ÉREK).
Eregion
noun. land of holly trees
ereg (“holly tree”) + ion (#-ond commonly used suffix in the names of regions and countries) #The suffix could be reinterpreted or might have blended with Dor. -ion - plural genitive suffix, as in Dor. Region
naw
hollow
(adj.) 1) *naw (attested in the form nov- as part of the name Novrod, Hollowbold), pl. noe. (WJ:414) Note: a homophone is the noun ”idea”. 2) coll (lenited goll; pl. cyll). (WJ:414) Note: homophones mean "red, scarlet" and also "cloak". 3) raudh (cavernous), pl. roedh
naw
hollow
(attested in the form nov- as part of the name Novrod, Hollowbold), pl. noe. (WJ:414) Note: a homophone is the noun ”idea”.
raudh
hollow
(cavernous), pl. roedh
raudh
adjective. hollow, cavernous
rosta
hollow out
rosta- (excavate) (i rosta, idh rostar)
rosta
hollow out
(excavate) (i rosta, idh rostar)
rêg
holly
rêg (construct reg) (thorn), pl. rîg (idh rîg). See also LOW-GROWING TREE
rêg
holly
(construct reg) (thorn), pl. rîg (idh** rîg**). See also
dath
hole
1) dath (i dhath) (pit, steep fall, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8), 2) gass (i **ass, construct gas) (gap), pl. gais (i ngais** = i ñais), 3)
dath
hole
(i dhath) (pit, steep fall, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8)
gass
hole
(i ’ass, construct gas) (gap), pl. gais (i ngais = i ñais)
torech
hole
torech (i dorech, o thorech) (lair, excavation), pl. terich (i therich) for archaic törich.
torech
hole
(i dorech, o thorech) (lair, excavation), pl. terich (i therich) for archaic törich.
rêg
thorn
(construct reg) (holly), pl. rîg (idh rîg)
êg
thorn
1) êg (construct eg), pl. îg; 2) rêg (construct reg) (holly), pl. rîg (idh rîg), 3) aeg (peak, point). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as adj. "sharp, pointed, piercing". See also SPINE.
ardhon
noun. great region, province
ardhon
noun. world
ethir
noun. mouth (of a river), estuary
feleg
noun. cave
n. cave, mine, underground dwelling. Q. felco. Q.
gardh
noun. bounded or defined region
gardh
noun. world
gardh
noun. region
groth
noun. cave, tunnel, large excavation
groth
noun. delving, underground dwelling
rond
noun. cave roof
rond
noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed
roth
noun. cave
n. cave. Q. rondo.
tafnen
adjective. closed, blocked, stopped
Orthography normalized to tafnen, as in lefnui
uidafnen
adjective. ever-closed
Normalized to uidafnen, as in lefnui
aeg
thorn
(peak, point). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as adj. "sharp, pointed, piercing". See also SPINE.
aran
king of a region
(pl. erain)
ardh
region
1) ardh (realm), pl. erdh, also in augmented form ardhon (great region, great province, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath. 2) dôr (i nôr, construct dor) (dwelling place, land), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413), 3) gardh (i **ardh) (bounded or defined place), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh), 4) gwaith (i **waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people, wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith).
ardh
region
(realm), pl. erdh, also in augmented form ardhon (great region, great province, world), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath.
can
shout
(i gân, i chenir) (cry out, call). Adj.
caun
shout
(i gaun, o chaun) (clamour, outcry, cry), pl. coen (i choen), coll. pl. conath, the latter is used = "lamentation" (PM:345, 362). Note: a homophone of caun means "valour".
dôr
region
(i nôr, construct dor) (dwelling place, land), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413)
ecthel
thorn point
(pl. ecthil). See also
fela
cave
(pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.
gardh
region
(i ’ardh) (bounded or defined place), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh)
gilwen
region of stars
(Quenya Ilmen), also Gilith. In the Etymologies, this word is derived from a root GIL (LR:358) and would then have the form ’Ilwen (’Ilwith) when lenited. But in a later source, Tolkien cited the relevant root as ÑGIL (MR:388), and the lenited form would then be Ngilwen (Ngilwith).
glam
shouting
(i ’lam) (din, uproar, confused yelling of beasts; tumult, confused noise; a body of Orcs), pl. glaim (in glaim), coll. pl. glammath
gobem
noun. mouth
groth
cave
(i ’roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12)
grôd
cave
1) grôd (i **rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414), 2) groth (i **roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12), 3) rond (construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath, 4) roth (delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i **athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd), 5) fela (pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela** as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.
grôd
cave
(i ’rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414)
gwaith
region
(i ’waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people, wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith).
othronn
fortress in a cave/caves
(pl. ethrynn for archaic öthrynn) (underground stronghold). Cited in archaic form othrond in the source (WJ:414).
paur
tightly closed hand
(i baur, o phaur, also -bor in compounds) (fist), pl. poer (i phoer), coll. pl. porath.
rhûd
artificial cave
(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûd – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (dwelling underground, rockhewn hall, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid). (PM:365)*
rond
cave
(construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath
roth
cave
(delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i ’athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd)
tafnen
closed
(adj.) #tafnen (stopped, blocked), lenited #dafnen; pl. tefnin (WR:341, isolated from uidavnen, with f rather than v in normalized orthography);
tafnen
closed
(stopped, blocked), lenited #dafnen; pl. tefnin *(WR:341, isolated from uidavnen, with f rather than v in normalized orthography)*;
tess
fine pierced hole
(i dess, construct tes), pl. tiss (i thiss). Archaic ters *(VT46:18)*****
uidafnen
ever-closed
(WJ:341, where the spelling ”uidavnen” is used), pl. uidefnin****
êg
thorn
(construct eg), pl. îg
A word for “closed” (RC/550) or “shut” (PE17/98) in the name Fen Hollen (LotR/826). It was derived from √KHOL or SKOL “shut, close” (PE17/98) and thus hollen might be the passive participle of an otherwise unattested verb hol- “to close, shut”.
Conceptual Development: Lord of the Rings drafts of the 1940s had N. forn, fornen, or N. davnan for this name (WR/338, 341).