Quenya 

laire

noun. summer

Quenya [PE 22:125; PE 22:167] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

lairë

summer

lairë (1) noun "summer" (Letters:283, VT45:26), in the calendar of Imladris a precisely defined period of 72 days, but also used without any exact definition (Appendix D). Oiolairë "Eversummer", name of a tree (UT:167), see also Coron Oiolairë. Lairelossë noun *"Summer-snow", name of a tree (UT:167), perhaps with white flowers.

lairë

noun. summer

Cognates

  • S. laer “summer” ✧ LotR/1107

Derivations

  • ✶lairē “*summer”
    • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE18/097
  • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282; PE17/159

Element in

  • Q. Corollairë “Green Mound, *(lit.) Mound of Summer”
  • Q. Coron Oiolairë “Mound Ever-summer”
  • Q. lairelossë “summer-snow-white, species of tree in Númenor”
  • Q. Mettelairë “August, *(lit.) End-summer” ✧ PM/136
  • Q. oiolairë “ever-summer (a species of tree)”
  • Q. Úlairi “Ring-wraiths, (lit.) ?Un-living, Un-summer”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√LAY > laire[laire]✧ Let/282
√LAY > laire[laire]✧ PE17/159

Variations

  • laire ✧ Let/282; PE17/159; PE22/167
Quenya [Let/282; LotR/1107; LotR/1111; PE17/159; PE22/167; PM/136] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lairë

poem

lairë (2) noun "poem" (GLIR)

lairë

meadow

lairë (3) noun "meadow" (LT1:267, GL:39 perhaps a doubtful word in LotR-style Quenya, since lairë already has to carry two other meanings)

Ellairë

summer

Ellairë alternative name of June (PM:135); evidently incorporating lairë "summer"; the el- part is probably an assimilated form of er-, an element meaning one or first, June being the first summer month.

lirit

poem

lirit noun "poem" (LT1:258)

Sindarin 

laer

noun. summer

Cognates

  • Q. lairë “summer” ✧ LotR/1107

Derivations

  • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish”

Element in

  • S. Cadlaer “July, *After-summer” ✧ PM/136
  • S. Eblaer “June, ?Before-summer” ✧ PM/136

Variations

  • laer ✧ LotR/1107
  • Laer ✧ PM/136
Sindarin [LotR/1107; PM/136] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glir

recite poem

(i ’lîr, in glirir) (sing)

laer

summer

laer (no distinct pl. form). Note: a homophone means ”song”.

laer

summer

(no distinct pl. form). Note:  a homophone means ”song”.

glaer

narrative poem

(i ’laer) (long lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glaer). Verb

glaer

long lay

glaer (i **laer) (narrative poem), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glaer**)

glaer

long lay

glaer (i **laer) (narrative poem), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glaer**);

glîr

poem

glîr (i **lîr, construct glir) (song, lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glîr), coll. pl. glíriath**.

glîr

poem

(i ’lîr, construct glir) (song, lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glîr), coll. pl. glíriath.

Primitive elvish

lairē

noun. *summer

Derivations

  • √LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE18/097

Derivatives

Variations

  • lai-rē ✧ PE18/097
Primitive elvish [PE18/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

lhaer

noun. long lay

loer

noun. summer

Changes

  • Loer → Laer “summer” ✧ PM/136

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. laire “summer” ✧ PM/134

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAY “*be alive, flourish”

Element in

  • N. Cadloer “July, *After-summer”
  • N. Ebloer “June, ?Before-summer”

Variations

  • Loer ✧ PM/135

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

laire

noun. summer

Cognates

  • N. loer “summer” ✧ PM/134

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAY “*be alive, flourish” ✧ EtyAC/LAYA

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LAYA > laire[laire]✧ EtyAC/LAYA

Variations

  • laire ✧ EtyAC/LAYA
  • Lairë ✧ PM/134; PM/134
Qenya [EtyAC/LAYA; PE22/125; PM/134] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laire

noun. poem

Cognates

  • N. glaer “long lay, narrative poem” ✧ Ety/GLIR; PE19/037

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LIR “sing, trill” ✧ Ety/GLIR

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GLIR > laire[glaire] > [ɣlaire] > [laire]✧ Ety/GLIR

Variations

  • laire ✧ Ety/GLIR; PE19/037
Qenya [Ety/GLIR; PE19/037] Group: Eldamo. Published by

úrien

proper name. Summer

Another name for laire “summer” in drafts of the Lord of the Rings appendices (PM/134). Its initial element seems to be Ûr “Sun”.

Variations

  • Úriën ✧ PM/134

Middle Primitive Elvish

laire

noun. long lay

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LIR “sing, trill” ✧ Ety/LIR¹

Derivatives

  • N. glaer “long lay, narrative poem” ✧ EtyAC/LIR¹

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LIR¹ > laire[laire]✧ Ety/LIR¹
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/LIR¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

glair

noun. meadow

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “meadow” (GL/34). It also had an archaic variant form †lair, but Tolkien rejected this (GL/52). It was probably derived from the early root ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Tári-Laisi; QL/52).

Cognates

  • Eq. laire “meadow” ✧ GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LAYA > lair[laire] > [lair]✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi

Variations

  • lair ✧ GL/39 (lair); GL/52 (lair); LT1A/Tári-Laisi
Gnomish [GL/39; GL/52; LT1A/Tári-Laisi] Group: Eldamo. Published by

safwen

noun. summer

aust

noun. summer

Cognates

  • Eq. austa “(high) summer”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√AWA “burn; be parched, yellow, warm”

Element in

Gnomish [GL/20; GL/63; LT2A/Tarnin Austa; PE13/110] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ost

noun. summer

Changes

  • ost² → ost² ✧ GL/63
  • ost → aust ✧ PE13/110

Derivations

  • ᴱ√AWA “burn; be parched, yellow, warm”

Variations

  • ost ✧ PE13/110 (ost)
Gnomish [GL/63; PE13/110] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

awest

noun. summer

Cognates

  • Eq. avesta “summer” ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160
  • Et. austa ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶awestá ✧ PE13/137; PE13/137; PE13/160

Element in

Variations

  • aust ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160
  • Awest ✧ PE13/153
Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/153; PE13/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aust

noun. summer

Early Quenya

laire

noun. meadow

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “meadow” and derived from the root ᴱ√LAẎA (QL/50). It also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa with the same gloss (PME/50), and in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon as a cognate of G. glair “meadow” (GL/39).

Cognates

  • G. glair “meadow” ✧ GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PME/052; QL/052

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√laẏa > laire[laðʲrē] > [laðʲre] > [lajre] > [laire]✧ PME/052
ᴱ√LAẎA > laire[laðʲrē] > [laðʲre] > [lajre] > [laire]✧ QL/052

Variations

  • lairë ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi
Early Quenya [GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PME/052; QL/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

avesta

noun. summer

Cognates

  • En. awest “summer” ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶awestá ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶awestá > avesta[awéstā] > [awésta] > [auésta] > [awésta] > [avésta]✧ PE13/137
ᴱ✶awestá > avesta[awéstā] > [awésta] > [auésta] > [awésta] > [avésta]✧ PE13/160

Variations

  • avesta ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160
Early Quenya [PE13/137; PE13/160] Group: Eldamo. Published by

saiwali

noun. summer

Early Quenya [PME/081; QL/081] Group: Eldamo. Published by