-s (1) 3rd person sg. pronominal ending "he/him, she/her, it" (VT49:48, 51), occurring in caris "he/she/it does" (VT49:16, PE17:129), caitas "it lies" (PE17:65), tentanes "it pointed" (VT49:26), tulis "(s)he comes" (VT49:19), eques (q.v.), anes (see ná #1), also (in object position) in camnelyes, caritas, caritalya(s), melinyes, tiruvantes, and utúvienyes, q.v. (Tolkien mentions -s as an "objective" ending for the 3rd person sg. in PE17:110.) The longer form -së (perhaps with personal meaning "he, she" only) is said to be "rare" (VT49:51); cf. násë "he is", nésë "he was" (see ná #1). In nésë the ending is suggested to be shortened from -sse (VT49:28), an ending that may also be attested in the untranslated verbal form tankassen (PE17:76), where it is perhaps followed by a second pronominal ending -n "me". According to PE17:129, the 3rd person sg. ending at one stage appeared as -ze "when pronominal affixes followed" (Tolkien citing the form carize-, e.g. apparently *carizet for "he makes them"); normally z would later become r, but it actually became (historically: reverted to) s by analogy with the short form caris as well as the independent pronoun se*. Exilic Quenya would then evidently have (e.g.) cariset for "he makes them", with a rare example of intervocalic s that is not derived from older þ**.
Quenya
cam-
receive
caris
he/him, she/her, it
cav-
verb. to receive, to receive, *accept, require, cost
A verb attested only in its past form cambelyes “you received it”. In notes from around 1968, Tolkien (briefly?) considered replacing the root √KAB with √KAM as the basis for hand words such as S. cam, stating “kamba is from KAM not KAB” (VT47/20). On the reverse of this page, Tolkien had the past tense form camnelyes “you received it”, apparently based on a verb ✱cam- “to receive” derived from √KAM (VT47/21). Further down on the same page, Tolkien wrote cambelyes as an alternate form, possibly indicating the restoration of √KAB and a new verb form ✱cav-, as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT47/21).
Conceptual Development: The earliest Qenya verb for “receive” was ᴱQ. tuvu- “receive, accept, take, require, cost”, but in Quenya Personal Pronouns (QPP1) from the late 1940s, ᴹQ. tuvo was only glossed “take”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I prefer to retain √KAB “hold, possess, have in hand”, and as such I would use Q. cav- for “receive”, although Helge Fauskanger used cam- in his NQNT (NQNT). I would also use cav- for “accept”. In a Discord conversation from 2023-12-25, Raccoon suggested using cav- for “require, cost” as well, but given the 2024 publication of ᴹQ. tuvo, I would use that verb for “take, ✱require, cost” instead; see that entry for discussion.
cam-
verb. to receive
tuvu-
receive
tuvu- vb. "receive" (GL:71; is this "Qenya" word related to #tuv- "find"?)
#cam- vb. "receive" (attested in the past tense #camnë with pronominal endings added: camnelyes "you received it") (VT47:21)