caw-
bow
cuv-
verb. bow
quinga
bow
quinga ("q")noun "bow" (for shooting) (KWIG, LT1:256)
lúva
bow, bight; bend, bow, curve
lúva noun "bow, bight; bend, bow, curve" (Appendix E, PE17:122, 168). The reference is to a "bow" as part of written characters and other uses, but "not for shooting" (a bow used to shoot arrows is called quinga, possibly also cú if the latter term is used as in Sindarin).
cûn
bowed
cûn (bowshaped, bent), lenited gûn; pl. cuin
cûn
bowed
(bowshaped, bent), lenited gûn; pl. cuin
cû
bow
1) (noun) cû (i gû, o chû) (arch, crescent), pl. cui (i chui), 2) (bow for shooting) peng (i beng, o pheng), pl. ping (i phing),
cogn
noun. bow
Primitive form given as kuȜnâ, derived from KUȜ "bow" (LR:365); it is probable that ku3nâ was originally an adjective "bow-shaped", since -nâ is predominantly an adjectival ending. As for Ȝ (spirant g) becoming a plosive g, compare garma.
cûn
adjective. bowed, bow-shaped, bent
cûn
adjective. bowed, bow-shaped, bent, bowed, bent, bow-shaped, [G.] concave
Cognates
- Ilk. caun “bowed, bow-shaped, bent” ✧ Ety/KUƷ
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶kuʒnā > cûn [kuɣnā] > [kugnā] > [kugna] > [kuŋna] > [kūna] > [kūn] ✧ Ety/KUƷ
peng
noun. bow (for shooting)
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
caun
adjective. bowed, bow-shaped, bent
An adjective meaning “bowed, bow-shaped, bent” developed from the primitive form ᴹ✶kuʒnā (Ety/KUƷ). The middle diphthong went through various sound changes as indicated in The Etymologies. First the [[ilk|[u] became [o] preceding the final [a]]] (kogna), then the [[ilk|[g] (from ✶ʒ) vocalized to [u] before the [n]]] (coun) and finally the diphthong [[ilk|[ou] became [au]]] (caun).
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶kuʒnā > kogna > coun > caun [kuɣnā] > [kuɣna] > [koɣna] > [kogna] > [kouna] > [koun] > [kaun] ✧ Ety/KUƷ
cogn
adjective. bowed, bow-shaped, bent
An adjective glossed “bowed, bow-shaped, bent” from primitive ᴹ✶kuʒnā (Ety/KUƷ). It is the best evidence for Danian a-mutation, with [u] becoming [o] before the following [a]. It is also a good example of how [[dan|[ɣ] became [g]]] in Danian.
Cognates
- Ilk. caun “bowed, bow-shaped, bent” ✧ Ety/KUƷ
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶kuʒnā > kogna > cogn [kuɣnā] > [kugnā] > [kognā] > [kogn] ✧ Ety/KUƷ
kuʒnā
adjective. bowed, bow-shaped, bent
Derivations
- ᴹ√KU(Ʒ) “bow” ✧ Ety/KUƷ
Derivatives
Elements
Word Gloss KU(Ʒ) “bow” -nā “adjective”
#caw- vb. "bow" ("k")(1st pers aorist cawin "I bow") (LT1:257; cf. cauca, cauco). In Tolkien's later Quenya, a verbal stem with w in this position does not seem to fit the general phonology well; intervocalic w would become v. We should perhaps read *cav*- whereever the second consonant of the root follows a vowel, but the nasal-infixed past tense could be canwë with the original quality of the consonant preserved. (Compare such a past tense form as anwë, q.v.) However, Tolkiens later verb luhta**- may be preferred for intransitive "bow".