1) dem (gloomy), lenited dhem, pl. dhim; 2) naer (dreadful, lamentable, woeful); no distinct pl. form. 3) nûr (pl. nuir). Note: homophones mean ”deep” and ”race”.
Sindarin
dem
gloomy
dem
sad
dem
adjective. sad, gloomy
dem
gloomy
(sad), lenited dhem, pl. dhim
dem
sad
(gloomy), lenited dhem, pl. dhim
balrog
proper name. Demon of Might
The great fire demons of Melkor, a combination of the root √BAL “power” with raug “demon” (SA/rauko, val; PE17/48).
Conceptual Development: The name G. Balrog appeared in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/93) and always kept this form in Tolkien’s writings, but its meaning and etymology evolved over time: G. “a kind of fire demon” (GL/21), ᴱN. “evil demon” (PE13/138), N. “✱Torment Demon” (Ety/ÑGWAL, RUK), an untranslated orc word (LR/404) and finally S. “Mighty Demon” (PE17/48).
balrog
demon
n. (mighty) demon. A word made in ancient S. for the spirits (of 'māyan' origin) corrupted to his service by Melkor in the days outside Arda, before the coming of the Elves and the assault uopon Utumno. Q. pl1. Valaraucar. In a draft, Tolkien presented the Balrogs as of "Valar or Maian origin" (PE17:48). >> raug
balrog
noun. demon of power
bal- (stem “cruel” [Etym. ÑGWAL-]) + raug (“powerful and hostile creature, demon”)
raug
demon
n. demon. Q. rauca. >> Balrog
raug
noun. demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature
graug
noun. demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature
graug
noun. a powerful, hostile and terrible creature, a demon
raug
noun. a powerful, hostile and terrible creature, a demon
raug
demon
raug (-rog in compounds, as in Balrog), pl. roeg (idh roeg), coll. pl. #rogath (isolated from Balrogath, MR:79). Also used = ”powerful, hostile, and terrible creature”.
raug
demon
(-rog in compounds, as in Balrog), pl. roeg (idh roeg), coll. pl. #rogath (isolated from Balrogath, MR:79). Also used = ”powerful, hostile, and terrible creature”.
balrog
fire-demon
(i valrog), pl. balroeg (i malroeg). Coll. pl. balrogath is attested. Archaic form ✱balraug. (MR:79, WJ:415). The etymological meaning is rather ”power-demon”.
dambeth
answer
(i nambeth, o ndambeth) (response), pl. dembith (i ndembith)
dambeth
response
dambeth (i nambeth, o ndambeth) (answer), pl. dembith (i ndembith) (PM:395)
dambeth
response
(i nambeth, o ndambeth) (answer), pl. dembith (i ndembith) (PM:395)
dangweth
answer
(noun) 1) dangweth (i nangweth, o ndangweth) (reply giving new information), pl. dengwith (i ndengwith) (PM:395), 2) dambeth (i nambeth, o ndambeth) (response), pl. dembith (i ndembith)
taw
that
(demonstrative pronoun) ?taw. _Only the ”Old Noldorin” form tó is actually given in LR:389 s.v. _
dim
noun. gloom, sadness
sa
pronoun. that
taw
pronoun. that
aphred
answer
_ n. _answer. Q. aquet. . This gloss was rejected.
dambeth
noun. answer, response
In Tolkien's manuscript, this form was rejected in favor of dangweth , with a slightly different meaning. However, it may possibly be assumed that the word is valid per se (although it may be argued that this compound word does not show the regular mutation that one would have expected)
dangweth
noun. answer, reply giving new information
glamhoth
noun. barbaric host of Orcs
glamog
noun. an Orc, "a yelling one"
han
that
pl1. hain _pron. _that, the thing previously mentioned. Tolkien notes "hain = heinn (< san-)" (PE17:42). Im Narvi hain echant 'I Narvi made them'.
naer
adjective. sad, lamentable
nûr
adjective. sad
For an earlier discussion, see Klockzo, 4th volume, p. 160 §147: The meaning of Núrnen long remained highly hypothetical. The current definition is based on Christopher Tolkien's index to UT and on the unfinished index of names published in RC. The Gnomish Lexicon listed nur- (nauri) "growl, grumble", nurn "plaint, lament, a complaint" and nurna- "bewail, lament, complain of" (PE/11:61). Likewise, the Qenyaqetsa included a root NURU- with several derivatives with similar meanings (PE/12:68). See also Q. nurrula "mumbling" (from nurru- "murmur, grumble") in the final version of the poem The Last Ark (MC/222-23). Patrick Wynne therefore noted: S. *nûr in Núrnen "Sad Water" is apparently "sad" in the sense "bewailing, lamenting, complaining, grumbling", no doubt a reference to the general mood of the hapless laborers in "the great slave-worked fields" beside the lake. (See Lambengolmor/856-860)
orch
Orc
pl1. yrch, pl2. orchoth** ** n. Orc. Nand. ūriſ.
orchoth
noun. the Orcs (as a race)
san
pronoun. that
urug
noun. Orc (rarely used)
urug
noun. "bogey", anything that caused fear to the Elves, any dubious shape or shadow, or prowling creature
dangweth
answer
(i nangweth, o ndangweth) (reply giving new information), pl. dengwith (i ndengwith) (PM:395)
daw
gloom
1) daw (i dhaw) (nighttime), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath; 2) dim (i dhim) (sadness), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim). Note: a homophone means ”stair”. 3) fuin (darkness, night, dead of night, nightshade). No distinct pl. form. 4) maur (i vaur), pl. moer (i moer) (VT45:35)
daw
gloom
(i dhaw) (nighttime), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath
dim
gloom
(i dhim) (sadness), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim). Note: a homophone means ”stair”.
dofn
gloomy
(lenited dhofn; pl. dyfn)
dovn
adjective. gloomy
duvui
gloomy
(lenited dhuvui, no distinct pl. form)
fuin
gloom
(darkness, night, dead of night, nightshade). No distinct pl. form.
graug
powerful, hostile and terrible creature
(i ’raug), pl. groeg (in groeg), coll. pl. grogath (WJ:415)
i
that
(+ soft mutation), basically in in the plural, but often loses the n which is then replaced by nasal mutation of the next consonant (e.g. gyrth i chuinar ”dead that live [cuinar]”, Letters:417). Sometimes i (+ soft mutation) is used in the singular as well. – The form ai (following by lenition) occurs in the phrase di ai gerir ✱”those who do” (VT44:23). Possibly it is a form of the relative pronoun that is used when the previous word ends in -i. Whether ai is both sg. and pl. is unclear; in its one attestation it is followed by a plural verb that is lenited.
maur
gloom
(i vaur), pl. moer (i moer) (VT45:35)
naer
sad
(dreadful, lamentable, woeful); no distinct pl. form.
nûr
sad
(pl. nuir). Note: homophones mean ”deep” and ”race”.
orch
orc
orch (pl. yrch**, archaic †yrchy, coll. pl. orchoth). (RGEO:66, Names:171, Letters:178, MR:195; WJ:390-91, VT46:7). Other terms: 1) urug (monster, bogey), pl. yryg, 2) glamog (i **lamog), pl. glemyg (in glemyg) (WJ:391), 3) ”
taw
that
. Only the ”Old Noldorin” form tó is actually given in LR:389 s.v.
ûn
creature
ûn (pl. uin).
ûn
creature
(pl. uin).
1) dem (sad), lenited dhem, pl. dhim; 2) dofn (lenited dhofn; pl. dyfn), 3) duvui (lenited dhuvui, no distinct pl. form)