ango

noun. dragon

angulócë

dragon

angulócë noun("k") "dragon" (LOK)

fenumë

dragon

fenumë noun "dragon" (LT2:341 but lócë is the normal word in LotR-style Quenya)

ango

snake

ango noun "snake"; stem angu- as in angulócë (q.v.); pl. angwi (ANGWA/ANGU)

lócë

dragon, snake, serpent, drake

lócë ("k")noun "dragon, snake, serpent, drake", older hlócë _("k")(SA:lok-, LT2:340, LOK; in the Etymologies the word is followed by "-ī", whatever that is supposed to mean)_

leuca

snake

leuca (1) noun "snake" (Appendix E)

leuca

noun. snake

The best known Quenya word for “snake”, appearing in Appendix E of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/1115). In 1964 notes on Dalath Dirnen (DD), Tolkien said it was derived from the root √LEWEK “worm” (PE17/160).

Cognates

• S. lŷg “snake” ✧ LotR/1115; PE17/121; PE17/160

Derivations

• √LEWEK “worm” ✧ PE17/160

Element in

• ᴺQ. lingwileuca “eel”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√LEWEK > leuka	[leuka]	✧ PE17/160

Variations

• leuka ✧ PE17/160

hlócë

snake, serpent

hlócë ("k")noun "snake, serpent", later lócë ("k")(SA:lok-)

limlug

noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent

lýg

noun. snake

_ n. Zoo. _snake. Q. leuka.

leweg

noun. snake

_ n. _snake.

lŷg

noun. snake

lŷg

noun. snake

The best known Sindarin word for “snake”, appearing in Appendix E of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/1115). In 1964 notes on Dalath Dirnen (DD), Tolkien said it was derived from the root √LEWEK “worm” (PE17/160), likely from ✱leukā where the ancient eu became ȳ as was usual in Sindarin (LotR/1115).

Cognates

• Q. leuca “snake” ✧ LotR/1115; PE17/121; PE17/160

Derivations

• √LEWEK “worm” ✧ PE17/160

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√LEWEK > lýg	[leukā] > [leuka] > [liuka] > [lȳka] > [lȳk] > [lȳg]	✧ PE17/160

Variations

• lýg ✧ PE17/160

lhûg

noun. snake, serpent

lhûg

dragon

lhûg (construct lhug; with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig), also amlug (pl. emlyg).

lhûg

dragon

(construct lhug; with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg – the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig), also amlug (pl. emlyg).

limlug

fish-dragon

(sea serpent), pl. limlyg

lhûg

serpent

lhûg (construct lhug, with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, dragon), pl. lhuig (?i luig).

lhûg

serpent

  (construct lhug, with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg – the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, dragon), pl. lhuig (?i luig).

lŷg

snake

1) lŷg (constuct lyg), no distinct pl. form. 2) lhûg (construct lhug, with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (dragon, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig). See SERPENT.

phawalōkō

noun. dragon

Derivatives

• Q. föalócë “*breath-dragon” ✧ PE17/181

Elements

Word	Gloss
phawa
(s)lōkō	“reptile, snake, worm”

lok

root. bend, loop, bend, loop, [ᴱ√] twine, twist, curl; [ᴹ√] great serpent, dragon

A root having to do with bending things, whose most notable derivatives are Q. (h)lócë/S. lhûg “snake, serpent, reptile, worm”. The first appearance of this root was as ᴱ√LOKO “twine, twist, curl” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/55), and in this period it had derivatives like ᴱQ. lóke “snake” and G. ulug “dragon”, but also derivatives like G. log- “curl, bend, wind, twine” and G. lonc “curl” (QL/55; GL/54).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s, however, ᴹ√LOK was glossed “great serpent, dragon”, and all its derivatives were dragon words based on ᴹQ. lóke and N. lhûg (Ety/LOK). In this period the “curl” words might have been allocated to the unglossed root ᴹ√LOKH which had derivatives like N. lhoch “ringlet” as well as ᴹQ. lokse and N. lhaws “hair”, so perhaps meaning “✱curl (of hair)” (Ety/LOKH). In notes from the late 1950s, Tolkien again generalized the meaning of the root √LOK to “bend, loop”, with additional non-serpent derivatives like Q. lokin “bent” and Q. lōke “bight, bend, curl of hair” (PE17/160); thus √LOK may have (re)absorbed the meanings of ᴹ√LOKH.

Derivatives

• Ad. lôkho “bent, crooked”
• ✶(s)lōkō “reptile, snake, worm” ✧ PE17/160
  • Q. hlócë “reptile, snake, serpant, worm, reptile, snake, serpant, worm, *lizard; [ᴹQ.] dragon” ✧ PE17/160
  • S. lhûg “reptile, snake, serpent, worm, reptile, snake, serpent, worm, *lizard; [N.] dragon” ✧ PE17/160
• Q. hlócë “reptile, snake, serpant, worm, reptile, snake, serpant, worm, *lizard; [ᴹQ.] dragon” ✧ SA/lok
• ᴺQ. loc- “to bend”
• Q. lócë “bight, bend, curl of hair” ✧ PE17/160
• Q. locin “bent” ✧ PE17/160
• ᴺQ. lolóca- “to crawl”
• S. lhûg “reptile, snake, serpent, worm, reptile, snake, serpent, worm, *lizard; [N.] dragon” ✧ SA/lok
• ᴺS. loera- “to stoop, bow, cower; to submit”
• ᴺS. loeth “twist, tendril, spiral, coil”
• ᴺS. loetha- “to curl, bend, wind, twine, tie knot, tangle”
• ᴺS. lonc “curl”
• ᴺS. lûg “bend, loop, wind, twist; guile, deceit”

Element in

• ᴺS. logweg “meandering, twisting, winding, intricate, (lit.) apt to bend”

Variations

• LOK- ✧ PE17/145
• lok- ✧ SA/lok

lub

root. bend

Derivatives

• Q. lúva “bow (in forming tengwar), bight, bend, curve” ✧ PE17/122

Variations

• LUB ✧ PE17/122; PE17/161

amlug

noun. dragon

amlug

noun. dragon

Cognates

• ᴹQ. angulóke “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Elements

Word	Gloss
am-	“snake”
lhûg	“dragon”

lhûg

noun. dragon

Cognates

• ᴹQ. lóke “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Derivations

• ᴹ√LOK “great serpent, dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK

Element in

• N. amlug “dragon” ✧ Ety/LOK
• N. lhimlug “fish-dragon, sea-serpent” ✧ Ety/LOK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√LOK > lhûg	[lōke] > [lūke] > [lūk] > [l̥ūk] > [l̥ūg]	✧ Ety/LOK

lhimlug

noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent

am-

prefix. snake

A prefix for “snake” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√ANGWA of the same meaning, most notably an element in N. amlug “dragon” (Ety/ANGWA).

Derivations

• ᴹ√ANGWA “snake” ✧ Ety/ANGWA

Element in

• N. amlug “dragon” ✧ Ety/ANGWA

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√ANGWA > am-	[aŋgwa] > [amba] > [amb] > [amm] > [am]	✧ Ety/ANGWA

lhûg

noun. snake, serpent