et-henta

read aloud

et-henta vb. "read aloud" (PE17:77). Compare henta-.

et

preposition. out (of)

The basic Quenya preposition for “out”, as seen in et Eärello Endorenna utúlien “Out of the Great Sea to Middle-earth I am come” (LotR/967). It is derived from the root √ET of the same meaning. In most of its appearances, the following noun also has the ablative case, and in The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien said “et with ablative = out of: Et elendellor” (EtyAC/ET).

It is less clear whether et can be used without the ablative, and what it means in such cases. We have only one example: et i péti, untranslated but probably meaning “✱out of the lips” (VT47/35). This example seems to have the same meaning as et + ablative, meaning movement out of the mouth. But I think et without the ablative might also be used to indicate position as in et i coa “out of the house” = “outside the house (not leaving from it)”. It might even be possible to use the allative with et, such as et i ulonna “out into the rain”.

et

out

et prep. (and adv.?) "out", when followed by ablative "out of" (VT45:13) or literally "out from", as in EO: et Eärello "out of the Great Sea"; cf. also et sillumello "from this hour" in VT44:35. Et i pe/péti, untranslated phrase, perhaps "out of the mouth" (VT47:35). Prefixet- "forth, out" (ET), also in longer form ete- (as in etelehta, eteminya); verb ettuler "are coming forth" (ettul- = et + tul-). (SD:290; read probably *ettulir or continuative *ettúlar in Tolkien's later Quenya). The forms etemmë and etengwë (VT43:36) seem to incorporate pronominal suffixes for "us", hence ?"out of us", inclusive and exclusive respectively. The pronoun -mmë denoted plural inclusive "we" when this was written, though Tolkien would later make it dual exclusive instead (see -mmë). Second person forms are also given: etelyë, etellë ?"out of you", sg. and pl. respectively (Tolkien would later change the ending for pl. "you" from -llë to -ldë).

et(e)-

prefix. *out, [ᴹQ.] forth, out

A prefix for “out” implied by words like et-henta “read aloud” = “✱read out” (PE17/77) and eteminya “prominent” = “✱out first” (VT42/24). The prefix ᴹQ. et- appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√ET “out, forth” (Ety/ET).

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had prefixes ᴱQ. ere- “out” and ᴱQ. es- based on the early roots ᴱ√ERE [EÐE] and ᴱ√ESE (QL/36).

ehtelë

noun. spring, issue of water

A noun glossed “spring, issue of water”, derived from the primitive form ✶et-kelē, literally “✱out-flow”, but in ancient times the [tk] was transposed to [kt] giving ektelē (SA/kel; Ety/KEL). In Quenya, this *kt* became *ht* [xt].

Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon from the 1910s, this word appeared as ᴱQ. ektele “fountain”, a variant of ᴱQ. kektele (QL/35). This word was mentioned in a number of other documents from this period, including the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/31), the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/46), and the Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin (PE15/23). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it appeared as ᴱQ. ehtil (PE13/136, 158). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as ᴹQ. ehtele with the gloss and derivation given above (Ety/ET, KEL).

ethenta-

verb. to read aloud

@@@ Eldamo’s automated transcription doesn’t properly handle the tengwar spelling of this word, which should actually be `V1d$4#

coiva

awake

coiva _("k")_adj. "awake" (LT1:257 - read *cuiva in LotR-style Quenya? Cf. coivië becoming cuivië. On the other hand, the elements cui- and coi- having to do with life and awakening cannot be wholly separated.

cuivië

awakening

cuivië noun "awakening" (early "Qenya" coivië, q.v., but this word Tolkien later used = *"life"). In Cuiviénen, "Water of Awakening" (SA:cuivië, SA:nen, KUY; spelt with a k_ in the Etymologies). Somewhat surprisingly, cuivië is used to mean "life" in cuivie-lancassë ("k"), literally 'on the brink of life' ("of a perilous situation in which one is likely to fall into death") (VT42:8)_ The form coivië is used for "life" elsewhere.

cuivië

noun. awakening

A word for “awakening”, most notably an element in the word Cuiviénen “Water of Awakening” (S/48). It was derived from the root √KUY (Ety/KUY). In a few places it appeared as kuive instead (PE17/68; Ety/KUY).

Conceptual Development: The earliest form for “Waters of Awakening” was ᴱQ. Koivie-néni (LT1/85), and ᴱQ. koivie was glossed as “awakening” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/48). It was glossed “liveliness” in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon, however, and ᴱQ. qîvie was “awakening” (GL/29).

cuivë

awakening

cuivë ("k")noun "awakening" (KUY)

cuivë

noun. awakening

eccoita-

verb. awake

#eccoita- vb. "awake" (VT27:10)

et eärello endorenna utúlien

Out of the Great Sea to Middle-earth I am come

First phrase @@@

et i péti

*out of the lips, out of the mouth

et sillumello ter yénion yéni tenn’ ambarmetta

*from this hour, through years of years until the ending of the world

sinar

noun/adverb. today, today, [ᴹQ.] nowadays, this morning

tambë engë i et...

as it was [in] the [beginning]...

The second line of Alcar i Ataren, Tolkien’s translation of the Gloria Patri prayer. The first word is tambë “as”, also seen in the Átaremma prayer. The second word is enge “[it] was”, the past tense of ëa- “to be, to exist”. This is followed by i “the” and an incomplete word beginning with et (“out?”). At this point Tolkien stopped work on the prayer.

cuiva

adjective. awake