cáno

commander

cáno ("k") noun "commander", usually as the title of a lesser chief, especially one acting as the deputy of one higher in rank (PM:345, SA:káno PM:362 indicates that cáno originially meant "crier, herald"); "ruler, governor, chieftain" (UT:400), "leader" (PE17:113).Masc. name Cáno, see Canafinwë. The word cáno ("k") also occurred in the Etymologies with the gloss "chief", but Tolkien changed it to cánë "valour" (VT45:19).

cáno

noun. commander, chief(tain), ruler, governor; †crier, herald

Cognates

• S. -gon “lord, prince, lord, prince; [N.] valour”
• T. cáno “herald” ✧ PM/362

Derivations

• ✶kānō “leader, ruler; crier, herald” ✧ PM/362
  • √KAN “cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule, cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule; [ᴹ√] dare” ✧ PE17/113; PM/361
• √KAN “cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule, cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule; [ᴹ√] dare” ✧ UT/400

Element in

• Q. Aracáno “High Chieftain” ✧ PM/345
• Q. Canafinwë “Strong-voiced Finwë”
• Q. Findecáno “*Hair Commander” ✧ PM/345
• Q. incánu “mind master”
• ᴺQ. nórecáno “governer, (lit.) country-leader”
• ᴺQ. nóriecáno “president”
• Q. tercáno “herald”
• Q. Turucáno “Ruling Lord, *(lit.) Victory Commander” ✧ PE17/117; PM/345

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶kānō > káno	[kānō] > [kāno]	✧ PM/362
√kan- > cáno	[kānō] > [kāno]	✧ UT/400

Variations

• kāno ✧ PE17/117 (kāno)
• káno ✧ PM/345; PM/362; SA/káno

hesto

captain

hesto noun "captain" (VT45:22; the word is not explictly identified as Quenya but can hardly be any other language)

hothron

noun. captain

Elements

Word	Gloss
hoth	“host, horde, host, horde, [N.] crowd; group plural; [ᴱN.] folk, [G.] people; †army”

hest

captain

hest (i chest, o chest), pl. hist (i chist)

hest

captain

(i chest, o chest), pl. hist (i chist)