Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Noldorin

gwesg

adverb. weakly

A word appearing as ᴱN. gwesg “weakly” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/146). This is the only Elvish word in the published corpus associated with weakness without extra connotations.

Neo-Sindarin: I would retain this word as ᴺS. gwesg and would further assume it can be used as both an adjective “✱weak” as well as an adverb “weakly”. It is not clear what its etymology would be in Tolkien’s later conception of the languages, however (< √WESEK?)

Early Noldorin [PE13/146] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwes(t)

adjective. rich

awes

adjective. rich

The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. ausin “rich”, probably an adjectival form of G. avos “wealth, fortune, prosperity” (GL/20). Gnomish Lexicon Slips modifying that document instead had awsin or awsirol, glossed “fortune” and connected by a brace (PE13/111). Though translated as nouns, both awsin or awsirol appear to be adjectives, the latter an adjectival form of G. awsir “fortune”. Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. {aurin >>} awes “rich” with variants gwes and gwest.

Early Noldorin [PE13/137] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwaist-

verb. to be aware, recognize

Early Noldorin [PE13/146] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hiw

adjective. rich

A word in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s glossed “rich”, derived from ᴱ✶pingwé (PE13/147). The editors suggest it was likely related to ᴱQ. pingwa “fat, rich (of soil)” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/74).

Early Noldorin [PE13/147] Group: Eldamo. Published by