hoth

noun. host, horde, host, horde; [N.] group plural; crowd; [ᴱN.] folk, [G.] people; †army

A word for a “host” or “horde” that was “nearly always used in evil or at least unfriendly sense in Sindarin” (PE17/39; UT/313). It was based on the root √KHOT “gather, together in confusion, jumble” and is used a class plural suffix for “unpleasant” groups such as Glamhoth, the collective name for orcs = “Din-horde” (UT/54).

Conceptual Development: This word has a long legacy, with G. hoth “folk, people, †army” appearing all the way back in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/49), derived from the early root ᴱ√HOSO [ΧOÞ] (QL/41). ᴱN. hoth “host, folk” appeared in Early Noldorin word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/147), and The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. hoth “host, crowd” derived from ᴹ✶khotsē “assembly” under the root ᴹ√KHOTH “gather” (Ety/KHOTH). At all these earlier stages it was used in the formation of group names, but the notion that it was limited to “unfriendly” groups seems to be a late idea.

hoth

host (nearly always used in evil or at least unfriendly sense in S

_ n. _host (nearly always used in evil or at least unfriendly sense in S.). host << host, mob. Q. ñauro. >> glamhoth, Lossoth, ngaur

hoth

noun. host, crowd, horde (nearly always in a bad sense)

glamhoth

collective name. Orcs, (lit.) Din-horde, Host of Tumult

A collective term for Orcs, translated “din-horde” or “host(s) of tumult” (UT/54, MR/109, PE17/39). This name is combination of glam “din, uproar” and hoth “host, horde” (WJ/391, SA/hoth). This term was sufficiently common that it was generalized into another word for Orc: glamog (WJ/391).

Conceptual Development: The term G. Glamhoth was used for Orcs in the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/160), but at this early stage was translated “People of Dreadful Hate” with its initial element being G. glâm “hate” (GL/39). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, Tolkien revised the derivation of N. Glamhoth so that its initial element was N. glamm “shouting, confused noise; barbarous speech” (Ety/GLAM), and the term retained essentially the same derivation in later writings.

naur dan i ngaurhoth

*fire [be] against the wolf-horde

@@@ for gloss, compare to naur an edraith ammen “fire [be] for rescue/saving us” (PE17/38).

hoth

host

(noun) 1) hoth (i choth, o choth) (crowd, horde), pl. hyth (i chyth). 2) rim (great number, crowd), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim), coll. pl. rimmath. Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”. 3) gwaith (i **waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, regiment, people, region; wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith). WOLF-HOST, see under WEREWOLF (concerning gaurhoth**).

hoth

host

(i choth, o choth) (crowd, horde), pl. hyth (i chyth).

hoth

crowd

1. hoth (i choth, o choth) (host, horde), pl. hyth (i chyth), 2) ovras (heap), pl. evrais (archaic övrais), coll. pl. ovrassath, 3) rim (great number, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim). Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

hoth

horde

hoth (i choth, o choth) (crowd, host), pl. hyth (i chyth)

hoth

crowd

(i choth, o choth) (host, horde), pl. hyth (i chyth)

hoth

horde

(i choth, o choth) (crowd, host), pl. hyth (i chyth)

gaurhoth

werewolf

).

gwaith

host

(i ’waith) (manhood, manpower, troop of able-bodied men, regiment, people, region; wilderness), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaith). –

rim

host

(great number, crowd), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim), coll. pl. rimmath. Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

gaur

werewolf

(i ngaur = i ñaur), pl. goer (in goer = i ñgoer), coll. pl. gaurhoth (attested in lenited form: i ngaurhoth, &quot;the [were]wolf-host&quot;: gaur + hoth &quot;host&quot;)

rim

noun. crowd, host, great number

ovras

crowd

(heap), pl. evrais (archaic övrais), coll. pl. ovrassath

rim

crowd

(great number, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim). Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

hoth

noun. host, crowd; group plural

hoth

noun. host, crowd, horde (nearly always in a bad sense)

ovras

noun. crowd, heap.

rhim

noun. crowd, host, great number

rhimb

noun. crowd, host, great number

liyúmë

host

liyúmë noun "host" (VT48:32)

liyúmë

noun. host

A word for “host” appearing in notes from the late 1960s, a combination of li(n)- “many” and -úmë “large (of quanity)” (VT48/32).

horma

horde, host

horma noun "horde, host" (LT2:341)

rimbë

crowd, host, great number

rimbë noun "crowd, host, great number" (RIM, SA:rim, Letters:282)

sanga

crowd, press, throng

sanga (þ) noun "crowd, press, throng" (STAG, SA:thang, LT2:342; pl. sangar (?) twice in Narqelion). In Sangahyando (þ) masc. name "Throng-cleaver", name of a man in Gondor _(SA:thang; a footnote in Letters:425 explains that "throng" here means a closely formed body of enemy soldiers. In the Etymologies, stems STAG, SYAD, _sangahyando is said to be a swordname, and LT2:342 likewise defines the word as a name of Turambar's sword: "cleaver of throngs, Throng-cleaver".)