pher(en)

root. beech

Derivatives

• ᴹ✶pheren “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH
  • ᴹQ. feren “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH
  • On. pheren “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH
  • N. fêr “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH; Ety/PHER
• ᴹQ. feren “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/PHER
• ᴹQ. ferna “mast, beechnuts” ✧ Ety/PHER
• On. pheren “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/PHER
  • N. fêr “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH; Ety/PHER
• On. pherna “mast” ✧ Ety/PHER
• ᴹT. ferne “beech” ✧ Ety/PHER

Variations

• PHER ✧ Ety/BERÉTH; Ety/PHER
• PHÉREN ✧ Ety/PHER

bereth

root. beech

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s serving principally as the basis for N. brethil “beech” (Ety/BERÉTH). In the notes from the late 1950s or early 1960s Tolkien instead connected brethil to the root √BARATH and S. bereth “queen”, where it had the true meaning of “princess” (PE17/23). But that could be a later association rather that a genuine etymology, and doesn’t necessarily invalidate ᴹ√BERETH (especially given the other phonological issues with S. bereth < √BARATH).

Derivatives

• ᴹ✶b’rethā “beech-mast” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH
  • Ilk. breth “(beech) mast, *beech nut” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH
• N. breth “mast, *fallen nuts or acorns” ✧ Ety/NEL
• N. brethil “beech” ✧ Ety/NEL; Ety/PHER
• ᴹT. bredele “beech-tree” ✧ Ety/BERÉTH

Element in

• Ilk. galbreth “beech” ✧ Ety/GALAD; Ety/NEL

Variations

• BERÉTH ✧ Ety/BERÉTH; Ety/GALAD; Ety/NEL; Ety/PHER; EtyAC/BERÉTH