rap

root. bind

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “bind” but without derivatives (EtyAC/RAP). The element S. raph (“?rope”) in S. Udalraph “Stirrupless” (“?without (U-) foot-rope”) might be related (UT/313).

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. rappa “rope”
• S. raph “?rope, strap”

Variations

• RAP ✧ EtyAC/RAP

rap

root. climb (as a tree by clinging[?])

Derivatives

• ᴹQ. rampa “[unglossed]” ✧ PE22/127

wed

root. bind

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “bind” with derivatives like ᴹQ. vére/N. gwaedh “bond, troth, compact, oath” and ᴹQ. vesta-/N. gwesta- “swear”, though Tolkien deleted Quenya derivatives of this root beginning with ves- saying they fell out of use due to conflict with ᴹ√BES “wed” (Ety/WED). This root might be a later iteration of the hypothetical early root ✱ᴱ√FEDE indicated by words in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s like G. fedhin “bound by agreement; ally, friend” and G. fedhra- “unite in a band” (GL/34), but the 1910s and 1930s forms are rather dissimilar so it is hard to say.

Derivatives

• ᴹ✶wedā “bond” ✧ Ety/WED
  • Ilk. gwedh “bond” ✧ Ety/WED
  • On. weda “bond” ✧ Ety/WED
  • N. gwedh “bond” ✧ Ety/WED
• ᴹ✶wǣdē “bond, troth, compact, oath” ✧ Ety/WED
  • ᴹQ. vére “bond, troth, compact, oath” ✧ Ety/WED
  • On. waide “bond, troth, compact, oath” ✧ Ety/WED
  • N. gwaedh “bond, troth, compact, oath” ✧ Ety/WED
• ᴹ✶wedtā “contract” ✧ Ety/WED
  • ᴹQ. vesta- “to swear (to do something), contract, make a compact” ✧ Ety/WED
  • ᴹQ. vesta “contract” ✧ Ety/WED
  • N. gwest “oath” ✧ Ety/WED
  • N. gwesta- “to swear” ✧ Ety/WED
• ᴺQ. angwenda “chain”
• N. gwedh- “to bind” ✧ Ety/WED
• N. gwend “bond, friendship” ✧ Ety/WEN

Element in

• ᴹQ. ovesta “contract, compact, treaty” ✧ Ety/WŌ
• N. gowest “contract, compact, treaty” ✧ Ety/WŌ