ringa adj. "cold" (Markirya); the Etymologies gives ringë (RINGI), but it seems that ringa is to be preferred (cf. Ringarë below). Yá hrívë tenë, ringa ná "when winter comes, it is cold" (VT49:23). According to VT46:11, Tolkien originally used the form ringa in Etym as well; later he would restore it. - In early "Qenya", ringa is glossed "damp, cold, chilly" (LT1:265)
Quenya
Ringarë
december
ringarë
noun. December, *Coldness
Cognates
- S. Girithron “December, *Shuddering-one” ✧ LotR/1110
Derivations
- √RINGI “cold” ✧ SA/ring
Elements
Word Gloss ringa “cold, cold, [ᴱQ.] chilly; damp” -rë “abstract noun” Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ring > Ringarë [riŋgare] ✧ SA/ring
ringa
cold
ringa
adjective. cold, cold, [ᴱQ.] chilly; damp
Cognates
- S. ring “cold, chill, cold, chill, [G.] cool”
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Ringarë “December, *Coldness”
- Q. ringa súmaryassë “in her cold bosom” ✧ MC/222
- Q. yá hríve menë, ringa ná “when winter comes/arrives/is with us, it is cold” ✧ VT49/23 (
yá hríve tene, ringa ná)
ringë
cold
ringë adj. "cold", also ringa (which form is to be preferred; cf. Ringarë in LotR). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, ringë is also given as a noun "cold pool or lake (in mountains)", but according to VT46:11 this noun should read ringwë. (RINGI)
árë
day
árë noun "day" (PM:127) or "sunlight" (SA:arien). Stem ári- _(PE17:126, where the word is further defined as "warmth, especially of the sun, sunlight"). Also name of tengwa #31; cf. also ar # 2. Originally pronounced ázë; when /z/ merged with /r/, the letter became superfluous and was given the new value ss, hence it was re-named essë (Appendix E)_. Also árë nuquerna *"árë reversed", name of tengwa #32, similar to normal árë but turned upside down (Appendix E). See also ilyázëa, ilyárëa under ilya. In the Etymologies, this word has a short initial vowel: arë pl. ari (AR1)
Ae
day
Ae (Quenya?) noun "day" (LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK - ae was written over ar [# 2] in the names of the Valinorean week, but ar was not struck out.)
ar
day
ar (2) noun "day" (PE17:148), apparently short for árë, occurring in the names of the Valinorean week listed below. Tolkien indicated that ar in these names could also be arë when the following element begins in a consonant (VT45:27). Usually the word for "day" in LotR-style Quenya is rather aurë (or ré), q.v.
Norrívë
norrívë
Norrívë noun alternative name of December (PM:135), otherwise called Ringarë.
ré
day
ré noun "day" (of the sun), a full 24-hour cycle (Appendix D) composed of aurë (day, daylight) and lómë "night" (VT49:45). Short -rë in compounds like Ringarë (q.v.). Allative rénna (VT49:45).
niquë
noun. cold, cold; [ᴹQ.] snow
Derivations
- √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
Element in
- Q. taniquelassë “*high-white-leaf”
- Q. Taniquetil “High White Peak” ✧ PE17/168; PE17/168
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √NIK > nī̆que [nikwe] ✧ PE17/168 Variations
- nī̆que ✧ PE17/168
- nique ✧ WJ/417
ala
day
[ala (7) noun "day", also alan "daytime". The forms allen, alanen listed after these words could be inflected forms of them, genitive "of daytime", constracted (allen = al'nen) and uncontracted. However, Tolkien struck out all of this (VT45:13).]
yelwa
cold
yelwa (2) adj. "cold" (LT1:260 this "Qenya" word is apparently obsoleted by # 1 above. In LotR-style Quenya, the regular term for "cold" seems to be ringa.)
Ringarë
Ringarë
The word obviously contains the word ringa "cold". David Salo notes that the ending might be also seen in the abstract nouns almare "blessedness" and fanyare "the skies". Therefore the meaning of Ringare is equivalent to "*coldness".
Ringarë noun, the twelfth and last month of the year, "December" (Appendix D, SA:ring); the word seems to mean *"Cold-day".