senna (1), see se #1
Quenya
senna
short
senna
adjective. short
Cognates
- S. thent “short” ✧ PE17/141; PE17/185
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. sennacénëa “short-sighted”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶stentā > thenta > senta [stentā] > [θentā] > [θenta] > [senta] ✧ PE17/141 ✶stenna > thenna > senna [stenna] > [θenna] > [senna] ✧ PE17/185 Variations
- senta ✧ PE17/141
senna
senna
thenna
thenna
†thenna, see senna #2
-nna
to
-n (1) dative ending, originating as a reduced form of -nă "to", related to the allative ending -nna (VT49:14). Attested in nin, men, ten, enyalien, Erun, airefëan, tárin, yondon (q.v.) and also added to the English name Elaine (Elainen) in a book dedication to Elaine Griffiths (VT49:40). The longer dative ending -na is also attested in connection with some pronouns, such as sena, téna, véna (q.v.), also in the noun mariéna from márië "goodness" (PE17:59). Pl. -in (as in hínin, see hína), partitive pl. -lin, dual -nt (Plotz). The preposition ana (#1) is said to be used "when purely dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that it can replace the dative ending, e.g. *ana Eru instead of Erun for "to God". In some of Tolkiens earlier material, the ending -n (or -en) expressed genitive rather than dative, but he later decided that the genitive ending was to be -o (cf. such a revision as Yénië Valinóren becoming Yénië Valinórëo, MR:200).
-nna
to, at, upon
-nna "to, at, upon", allative ending, originating from -na "to" with fortified n, VT49:14. Attested in cilyanna, coraryanna, Endorenna, Elendilenna, númenórenna, parma-restalyanna, rénna, senna, tielyanna, q.v. If a noun ends in -n already, the ending -nna merges with it, as in Amanna, formenna, Elenna, númenna, rómenna as the allative forms of Aman, formen, elen, númen, rómen (q.v.). Plural -nnar in mannar, valannar, q.v.
sinta
short
sinta (þ) (1) adj. "short" (STINTĀ). Cf. senna #2.
na
to, towards
na (2) prep. "to, towards", possibly obsoleted by #1 above; for clarity writers may use the synonym ana instead (NĀ1). Originally, Tolkien glossed na as "at, by, near"; the new meaning entered together with the synonyms an, ana (VT45:36).
se
he, she, it
se (1) pron. "he, she, it" also object "him, her, it", 3rd person sg. Used "of living things including plants" (VT49:37; the corresponding inaimate pronoun is sa). The pronoun comes directly from se as the original stem-form (VT49:50). Stressed form sé, VT49:51, attested in object position in melin sé "I love him" (VT49:21). Ósë "with him/her", VT43:29; see ó-. Long dative/allative sena "[to/for] him" or "at him", VT49:14, allative senna "to him/her" (VT49:45, 46). Compare the reflexive pronoun insë *"himself, herself".
se
pronoun. he, she, it (animate)
Derivations
- ✶se “he, she, it, 3rd person singular pronoun” ✧ VT49/50
Element in
- Q. antanen hatal sena “I cast a spear at him” ✧ VT49/14
- Q. antanen parma sen “I gave a book to him” ✧ PE17/091
- Q. insë “himself, herself”
- Q. melin sé apa lanyë hé “I love him but not him (the other)” ✧ VT49/15
- Q. se — hye — hye — “he [A] struck him [B] and he [B] fled” ✧ VT49/15
- Q. veryanen senna “*I married/joined to him/her” ✧ VT49/45
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶se/te > sé [sē] ✧ VT49/50 Variations
- se ✧ NM/176; PE17/129; VT49/15; VT49/32; VT49/37
- sé ✧ VT49/15; VT49/51
ana
to
ana (1) prep. "to" (VT49:35), "as preposition _ana _is used when purely _dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that the preposition ana can be used instead of the dative ending -n (#1, q.v.) Also as prefix: ana- "to, towards" (NĀ1); an (q.v.) is used with this meaning in one source (PE17:127)_
essë
he
essë (2) pron? "he" (and also "she, it"?), possible emphatic 3rd sg. emphatic pronoun, attested in the sentence essë úpa nas "he is dumb" (PE17:126)
nasar
red
nasar adj. "red" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)
-ro
he
-ro pronominal ending "he", in antaváro, q.v. In Tolkiens later Quenya, the ending -s covers both "he", "she" and "it".
carne (carni-)
adjective. red
carnë
red
carnë adj. "red", "scarlet, red" (SA:caran, PE17:154, MC:214, KARÁN - spelt with a k in the two latter sources), not to be confused with the past tense of car- "do, make". Stem carni- as in Carnimírië, Carnistir.
aira
red, copper-coloured, ruddy
aira (1) adj. "red, copper-coloured, ruddy" (GAY)
senna (þ, cf. older form thenna) adj. "short" (PE17:185). This is a later (TLT) variant of sinta.