sin (1) a word either meaning "thus" (adverb) or "this" (as an independent word in the sentence, not modifying another word like sina does). Attested in the sentence sin quentë Quendingoldo Elendilenna, either *"this Pengolodh said to Elendil" or "thus spoke Pengolodh to Elendil" (PM:401). Patrick Wynne argues that sin is an adverb "thus" derived from the stem si- "this (by me)" (VT49:18)
Quenya
sina
this
sina
adjective. this
Derivations
- ✶sĭnā “this” ✧ VT49/18
Element in
- Q.
sinar“today, today, [ᴹQ.] this morning”- Q. vanda sina termaruva Elenna·nóreo alcar enyalien “This oath shall stand in memory of the glory of the Land of the Star” ✧ UT/305
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶sĭnā > sina [sinā] > [sina] ✧ VT49/18
sin
thus
si
this
Derivations
- √SI “this, this, [ᴹ√] here, now”
Element in
- ᴺQ. silúmëa “current, contemporary, modern”
- Q. siar(ë) “*today, this day”
- Q. sítë “of this sort”
- Q. umbë nin i hríve nauva urra (si loa) “I have a feeling that winter will be bad (this year)” ✧ PE22/168
Variations
- si ✧ PE22/168
sië
thus
sië adv. "thus" (VT43:24, VT49:18)
sië
adverb. thus
Derivations
- √SI “this, this, [ᴹ√] here, now”
Element in
Variations
- sie ✧ VT43/24; VT49/18
ista-
verb. to know
Derivations
- √IS “know” ✧ PE17/155; VT41/06; VT48/25
Element in
- Q. iluisa “omniscient” ✧ VT39/20
- ᴺQ. istalë “information”
- ᴺQ. istanómë “school, academy”
- Q. istan quetë “I can speak, I know how to speak” ✧ PE17/155; PE17/155
- Q. Istar “Wizard, (lit.) One Who Knows”
- Q. istima “wise (in sense knowing very much), knowledgeable, very well informed, learned”
- Q. laista “ignorance, (lit.) not-knowing”
- Q. lá istan “I suppose so, I don’t know” ✧ PE22/158
- Q. sinwa “known, certain, ascertained” ✧ PE17/068
- Q. sívë “knowing, knowledge”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ISI > istan [istan] ✧ PE17/155 √isi > istan [istan] ✧ VT41/06 √IS > is-ta [ista-] ✧ VT48/25 Variations
- ista ✧ PE17/052; PE22/164; VT49/16
- istā ✧ PE22/148 (istā)
- is-ta ✧ VT48/25
sina demonstrative "this" (following its noun in our sole example: vanda sina "this oath"). (CO, VT49:18; in the latter source, sina _is called an adjective). _This word would, like Sindarin hen, be derived from primitive ¤sĭnā (VT49:34). Cf. sin #1.