Middle Primitive Elvish
tiw
root. fat, thick
Derivatives
- ᴹ✶tiukō “thigh” ✧ Ety/TIW
- ᴹQ. tiuko “thigh” ✧ Ety/TIW
- ᴹ✶tiukā “thick, fat” ✧ Ety/TIW
- ᴹ✶tui- “to grow fat, swell‽” ✧ EtyAC/TUY
- ᴺQ. tiuma “grape”
- ᴺQ. tiura “compact”
- ᴺQ. tiuta- “to corroborate, confirm; to comfort, console, *(orig.) to make firm; to strengthen”
- ᴹQ. tiuya- “to swell, grow fat” ✧ Ety/TIW
- ᴺS. tŷg “thigh”
- On. tuio- “to swell” ✧ Ety/TIW
- N. tuia- “to sprout, spring; to swell” ✧ Ety/TIW
tui-
verb. to grow fat, swell‽
Derivations
- ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” ✧ EtyAC/TUY
Variations
- tuı̯ ✧ Ety/TUY
- TIW ✧ EtyAC/TUY
The root ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. tiuka/N. tûg “thick, fat” and ᴹQ. tiuko “thigh” (Ety/TIW). Tolkien said it may have been the basis for the root ᴹ√TUY “spring, sprout” via the sense “grow fat, swell” (Ety/TUY), perhaps as an abnormal vocalization: ✱tiwy- > ✱t(i)u̯y-. Tolkien had a similar pair of related roots in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s: ᴱ√TIW̯I “thick” and unglossed ᴱ√TYU which was the basis for words like ᴱQ. tyû “thigh” (GL/50, 93); that document also had ᴱ√TUẎU as the basis for “sprout” and “spring” words, but in the 1910s it seems to be unrelated. Also in the 1910s, Tolkien had unglossed ᴱ√PIẆI with derivatives like ᴱQ. pingwa “fat, rich (of soil)” and ᴱQ. piu “calf of leg” (QL/74), which might have been another precursor to ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” from the 1930s.
In the Outline of Phonetic Development (OP1) also of the 1930s, Tolkien instead gave ᴹ√KIWIK as the basis for ᴹQ. ciuca “thigh” (PE19/54). A similar etymology for Q. kiuka or kyūka “thigh” appeared in Outline of Phonology (OP2) of the early 1950s (PE19/107). Thus there was considerable variation in form for these roots.
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I’d stick with ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” as the base root, as it has the largest collection of derivatives.