lamba

tongue

lamba (1) noun "tongue" (physical tongue, while lambë = "language") (WJ:394, LAB; according to VT45:25, Tolkien first wrote lambe, but as noted, this alternative form is rather used for "tongue" in the sense of "language")

lambe

noun. tongue

tengwië

language

#tengwië noun "language" in the compound mátengwië "language of the hands" (VT47:9). Compare tengwë, tengwesta.

lambelë

language

lambelë noun "Language" (especially with reference to phonology), *"phonetics" (VT39:15)

tengwelë

language

tengwelë noun "Language" (in all its aspects), a general word for the grouping and composing of tengwi (linguistic "signs", phonemes) into a linguistic system (VT39:16)

tengwestië

language

tengwestië noun "Language" as abstract or phenomenon (WJ:394)

lambë

tongue, language

lambë noun "tongue, language" (the usual word for 'language' in non-technical use) (WJ:368, 394, ÑGAL/ÑGALAM), "the language or dialect of a particular country or people...never used for 'language' in general, but only for particular forms of speech" (VT39:15); also name of tengwa #27 (Appendix E). (In early "Qenya", lambë was defined as "tongue" of body, but also of land, or even = "speech" [LT2:339]. In LotR-style Quenya lambë only means "tongue = speech", whereas the word for a physical tongue is lamba.) Lambë Valarinwa "Valarin tongue" (WJ:397), lambë Quendion "the language of the Elves" (PM:395), Lambengolmor pl. noun "Loremasters of Tongues", a school founded by Fëanor (WJ:396); sg. #Lambengolmo. Spelt Lambeñgolmor in VT48:6.

quetil

tongue, language

quetil ("q")noun "tongue, language" (KWET)

mëar

gore

mëar noun "gore" (LT1:260)

lambë

noun. language, tongue, dialect

Cognates

• Kh. aglâb “language” ✧ WJ/394
• S. lam “(physical) tongue; language, (physical) tongue; language, [G.] speech” ✧ PE17/046; PE17/046; VT39/15; WJ/394
• T. lambë “language” ✧ WJ/394

Derivations

• ✶lambē “tongue, language, dialect” ✧ PE17/126; VT39/15; WJ/394
  • √LAB “lick, move the tongue” ✧ VT39/15
  • ✶labmē “*language” ✧ WJ/416
• √LAB “lick, move the tongue” ✧ PE22/151
• ✶labmē “*language” ✧ WJ/416

Element in

• Q. Elda-lambë “Language of the Eldar” ✧ WJ/369
• Q. lambe Eldaiva “the language of the Eldar” ✧ WJ/369
• Q. lambe Eldaron “the language of the Eldar” ✧ WJ/368
• ᴺQ. lambelanga “translation”
• Q. lambelë “phonetics” ✧ VT39/16
• ᴺQ. lambengolmë “linguistics”
• Q. Lambengolmor “Loremasters of Tongues”
• Q. Lambenyáre “Account of ... Languages”
• Q. lambetengwë “consonant” ✧ VT39/16
• Q. Lambë Valarinwa “Language of the Valar” ✧ WJ/397
• Q. lambina “of tongue, spoken with tongue” ✧ PE17/046
• Q. Lindalambë “Language of the Lindar”
• Q. manen lambë Quendion ahyanë “How did the language of the Elves change?” ✧ PM/395

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶lambē > lambe	[lambē] > [lambe]	✧ PE17/126
√LABA > lambe	[labmē] > [lambē] > [lambe]	✧ PE22/151
✶lambē > lambe	[lambē] > [lambe]	✧ VT39/15
✶lambē > lambe	[lambē] > [lambe]	✧ WJ/394
✶lab-mē > lambe	[labmē] > [lambē] > [lambe]	✧ WJ/416

Variations

• lambe ✧ LotR/1123; PE17/046; PE17/104; PE17/123; PE17/126; PE22/151; UT/304; UT/304; VT39/15; VT39/16; WJ/368; WJ/369; WJ/369; WJ/394; WJ/416
• Lambe ✧ WJ/394; WJ/397

namba

hammer

namba noun "a hammer" (NDAM), namba- vb. "to hammer" (NDAM). According to VT45:37, Tolkien may have considered the alternative form lamba, but the source is obscure and lamba is assigned a quite different meaning ("tongue") elsewhere.

lamba

hammer

lamba (2) noun ?"hammer" (possibly an alternative form of namba, q.v., but the source is obscure and namba is to be preferred) (VT45:37)

mehar

noun. gore

Cognates

• ᴺS. mechor “gore”

Derivations

• ᴺ✶. MEKH “*gore”

lam

tongue

_ n. _tongue. Q. lambe. >> lammen

lam

noun. physical tongue

lam

noun. language

dring

noun. hammer

dring

noun. hammer, hammer, *beater

Element in

• S. Glamdring “Foe-hammer” ✧ PE17/084

lam

tongue

(both body-part and = ”dialect, language”) lam (pl. laim, coll. pl. lammath). (WJ:394, 416) Not: lam is also used = ”echo, voice, echoing voice”.

lam

tongue

(pl. laim, coll. pl. lammath). (WJ:394, 416) Not: lam is also used = ”echo, voice, echoing voice”.

lammen

my tongue

.

lammas

account of tongues

cên

gore

(i gên, o chên, construct cen) (wedge), pl. cîn (i chîn). Alternative sg. form cîn (i gîn, o chîn, construct cin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chîn)  (VT45:20)

mechor

noun. gore

Cognates

• ᴺQ. mehar “gore”

Derivations

• ᴺ✶. MEKH “*gore”

naith

gore

1) naith (spearhead, wedge, point, promontory); no distinct pl. form; 2) cên (i gên, o chên, construct cen) (wedge), pl. cîn (i chîn). Alternative sg. form cîn (i gîn, o chîn, construct cin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chîn) (VT45:20)

naith

gore

(spearhead, wedge, point, promontory); no distinct pl. form

dring

hammer

(i dhring), no distinct pl. form except with article (in dring).

dam

hammer

(noun) 1) dam (i nam, o ndam), pl. daim (i ndaim), coll. pl. dammath, 2) dring (i dhring), no distinct pl. form except with article (in dring).

dam

hammer

(i nam, o ndam), pl. daim (i ndaim), coll. pl. dammath

damma

hammer

(verb) damma- (i namma, i ndammar), pa.t. dammant (VT45:37)

damma

hammer

(i namma, i ndammar), pa.t. dammant (VT45:37)

lambë

noun. language

Cognates

• Q. lambë “language, tongue, dialect” ✧ WJ/394

Derivations

• ✶lambē “tongue, language, dialect” ✧ WJ/394
  • √LAB “lick, move the tongue” ✧ VT39/15
  • ✶labmē “*language” ✧ WJ/416

Element in

• T. Goldolambë “Quenya”
• T. Lindalambë “Telerin (Language)”

Variations

• lambe ✧ WJ/394

aglâb

noun. language

Cognates

• Q. lambë “language, tongue, dialect” ✧ WJ/394

lambē

noun. tongue, language, dialect

Derivations

• √LAB “lick, move the tongue” ✧ VT39/15
• ✶labmē “*language” ✧ WJ/416

Derivatives

• Q. lambë “language, tongue, dialect” ✧ PE17/126; VT39/15; WJ/394
• S. lam “(physical) tongue; language, (physical) tongue; language, [G.] speech” ✧ VT39/15; WJ/394
• T. lambë “language” ✧ WJ/394

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶lab-mē > lambē	[labmē] > [lambē]	✧ WJ/416

lamben

place name. Tongue

A transient name for the Naith in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, glossed “Tongue” (TI/280). It seems to be an elaboration or variant form of N. lham(b) “tongue”.

Elements

Word	Gloss
lham(b)	“tongue”

lham(b)

noun. tongue

Cognates

• ᴹQ. lamba “tongue” ✧ Ety/LAB

Derivations

• ᴹ✶lambe
  • ᴹ√LAB “lick” ✧ Ety/ÑGAL
• ᴹ√LAB “lick” ✧ Ety/LAB

Element in

• N. Lamben “Tongue”
• N. Lhammas “Account of Tongues, Linguistic History”
• N. Lhamthanc “Forked Tongue”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√LAB > lham(b)	[lambe] > [lamb] > [l̥amb] > [l̥amb] > [l̥amm] > [l̥am]	✧ Ety/LAB

Variations

• lham ✧ PE22/035
• lhamb ✧ PE22/035 (lhamb)

lham

noun. physical tongue

lhamb

noun. physical tongue

damma-

verb. to hammer

It was long considered that damna-, dammint in the Etymologies might have been misreadings. VT/45:37 confirms this, though the exact reading actually remains rather uncertain

naith

noun. gore

Cognates

• ᴹQ. nasta “spear-head, spear-point, gore, triangle” ✧ Ety/SNAS

Derivations

• ᴹ✶natsai ✧ Ety/SNAS
  • ᴹ√SNAS “*gore, triangle” ✧ Ety/SNAS

Element in

• N. Naith “Angle”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶natsai > naith	[snatsai] > [snatsī] > [snatsi] > [n̥atsi] > [n̥aθθi] > [n̥eθθi] > [n̥eiθθ] > [n̥aiθθ] > [naiθθ] > [naiθ]	✧ Ety/SNAS

dring

noun. hammer

Derivations

• ᴹ√DRING “beat, strike” ✧ Ety/DRING

Element in

• N. Glamdring “Foe-hammer” ✧ Ety/DRING

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√DRING > dring	[driŋg]	✧ Ety/DRING

dam

noun. hammer

dam

noun. hammer

Cognates

• ᴹQ. namba “hammer” ✧ Ety/NDAM

Derivations

• ᴹ√(N)DAM “hammer, beat” ✧ Ety/NDAM

Element in

• N. Damrod “hammerer of copper” ✧ Ety/NDAM

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√NDAM > dam	[ndamba] > [damba] > [damb] > [damb] > [damm] > [dam]	✧ Ety/NDAM