#turco

chief

#turco (1) noun "chief" (isolated from Turcomund "chief bull", Letters:423). Turco, masc. name, see Turcafinwë.

turco

noun. chief

Derivations

• √TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”

Element in

• S. Turcomund “Chief of Bulls” ✧ Let/423

Variations

• Turco ✧ Let/423 (Turco)

turco

tower

turco ("k") (2) noun "tower". In Lúnaturco, Quenya name of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). Tolkien changed the word turco from turma (PE17:22).

turco

noun. *stronghold

Changes

• turma → turko ✧ PE17/022

Derivations

• √TURUK “*strong” ✧ PE17/022

Element in

• Q. Lúnaturco “?Dark Stronghold” ✧ PE17/022; PE17/022 (Lúnaturma)

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√TURUK > turko	[turko]	✧ PE17/022

Variations

• turko ✧ PE17/022
• turma ✧ PE17/022 (turma)

turma

tower

[turma] (2) noun "tower". Tolkien changed this word to turco (#2), q.v. (PE17:22)

Turcafinwë

strong, powerful (in body) finwë

Turcafinwë masc. name, "strong, powerful (in body) Finwë", masc. name; he was called Celegorm in Sindarin. Short Quenya name Turco. (PM:352), compare #turco "chief" (q.v.)

marto

tower

marto (1) noun "tower" (PE17:66)

marto

noun. tower

Cognates

• S. barad “tower, great towering building, tower, great towering building, [N.] fort, fortress” ✧ NM/228; PE17/066

Derivations

• √M(B)ARAT “doom, fate” ✧ NM/228
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
• √BARAT “lofty, high, height combined with strength/size/majesty” ✧ PE17/066
  • √BAR “[ᴹ√] raise; uplift, save, rescue(?)”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√BAR-AT > marto	[mbarto] > [marto]	✧ PE17/066

tarminas

tower

tarminas noun "tower" etc. (Sindarin barad); see taras (PE17:22)

poldorë

strong, burly

poldorë noun? (not glossed, derived from polda "strong, burly": possibly "strength" as an abstract) (POL/POLOD)

Ingwë

chief

Ingwë masc. name, "chief", name of the "prince of Elves" _(PM:340, ING, WEG, VT45:18). Pl. Ingwer "Chieftains", what the Vanyar called themselves (so in PM:340, but in PM:332 the plural has the more regular form Ingwi). Ingwë Ingweron "chief of the chieftains", proper title of Ingwë as high king (PM:340)_. In the Etymologies, Ingwë is also said to be the name of a symbol used in writing: a short carrier with an i-tehta above it, denoting short i (VT45:18).

héra

chief, principal

héra adj. "chief, principal" (KHER)

ingwë

masculine name. Chief

Lord of the first tribe of the Elves and the high king of Elvenkind (S/52, 62). His name is ancient and its original meaning is unclear, but it is sometimes translated as “Chief”, and is interpreted as a combination of the root √ING “first, foremost” and the suffix -wë common in ancient names (PM/340).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this character was first named ᴱQ. Ing, but this was soon changed to ᴱQ. Inwe (LT1/22). The form become ᴹQ. Ingwe in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/13, LR/214), and the derivation for Ingwë discussed above had already emerged in The Etymologies (Ety/ING, WEG).

Element in

• Q. Ingwë Ingweron “Chief of the Chieftains” ✧ PM/340
• Q. Ingwemar “*Ingwë Home”
• Q. Ingwi “People of Ingwë, Chieftains”
• Q. Ingwion “Son of Ingwë”

Elements

Word	Gloss
ING	“highest, top, highest, top; [ᴹ√] first, foremost”
-wë	“ancient name suffix (usually but not always masculine)”