Quenya 

ur(u)-

prefix. hard, difficult

Cognates

  • S. gor- “hard, difficult” ✧ PE17/154
  • S. gor “horror, dread, fear” ✧ PE17/172

Derivations

  • √GUR “hard, stiff, difficult, cumbrous, slow” ✧ PE17/154

Element in

  • Q. urnótima “*difficult to count” ✧ PE17/172; PE17/172
  • Q. urucárima “hard to make / do” ✧ PE17/154; PE17/154
  • Q. urucarin “made with difficulty” ✧ PE17/154
  • ᴺQ. uruhanyaima “complicated, enigmatic, cryptic, hard to understand”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√GUR > ur(u)[gur-] > [ɣur-] > [ur-]✧ PE17/154

Variations

  • ur(u) ✧ PE17/154
  • ur- ✧ PE17/172 (ur-)
Quenya [PE17/154; PE17/172] Group: Eldamo. Published by

urda

hard, difficult, arduous

urda adj. "hard, difficult, arduous" (PE17:154)

sarda

hard

sarda adj. "hard" (VT39:17); pl. sardë "hards" may be used in the same sense as sarda tengwi, q.v. (As an independent form we would rather expect a nominal pl. sardar.)

torna

hard

#torna adj. "hard", as in tornanga (q.v.), seemingly -storna after prefixes ending in a vowel, as in the comparative forms aristorna, anastorna (PE17:56; the forms are untranslated and may not necessarily be the same adjective "hard".)

torna

adjective. hard

Derivations

  • √STOR “steadfast”

Element in

  • Q. anastorna “*extremely hard” ✧ PE17/056
  • Q. tornanga “hard-iron, iron hard, iron hard; hard-iron, *steel” ✧ PE17/056