A (rejected) noun for “wolf” developed from the (rejected) root ᴹ√ƷARAM (Ety/ÑGARAM), most likely from primitive ✱✶ʒaramā [ɣaramā] given its cognates. It is an example of the Danian syncope, with second unstressed [a] vanishing after the identical vowel. It is also one of the Danian words for which a long final vowel developed into short final [a]. Finally, it provides an example of how [[dan|[ɣ] became [g]]] in Danian.
Ossriandric
urc
noun. goblin
Changes
orc→ urc ✧ Ety/ÓROKCognates
- ᴹQ. orko “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶órku > urc [orku] > [urku] > [urk] ✧ Ety/ÓROK Variations
- orc ✧ EtyAC/ÓROK (
orc)
garma
noun. wolf
Cognates
- ᴹQ.
harma“wolf, hound” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAMDerivations
- ᴹ√ÑGARAM “*wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√ƷARAM > garma [ɣaramā] > [garamā] > [garmā] > [garma] ✧ Ety/ƷARAM
A noun for “goblin” developed from primitive ᴹ✶orku, also attested in its plural form yrc (Ety/ÓROK). The change of [o] to [u] is hard to explain, as noted by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Nandorin/urc). In an earlier version of the entry Tolkien wrote Dan. orc (EtyAC/ÓROK), which is the expected form. The simplest explanation is that this form actually developed from a variant primitive form ✱✶urku. There is a similar issue with Ilk. urch, so perhaps this variant was used by those Eldar who did not complete the journey to Valinor.