war

root. give way, yield, not endure, let down, betray

A (Noldorin only?) root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “give way, yield, not endure, let down, betray” with derivatives like N. awarth “abandonment”, N. gwarth “betrayer”, and N. gweria- “betray” (Ety/WAR). Tolkien said it was the opposite of ᴹ√BOR “endure” (EtyAC/WAR) which had various Noldorin derivatives having to do with loyalty (Ety/BOR).

ar

root. day

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “day” with various derivatives like ᴹQ. are, N. aur “day” and ᴹQ. arin “morning” (Ety/AR¹). In Tolkien’s later writings, the Quenya word for “day” became aurë (RC/727; S/190), and in 1957 Quenya Notes he devised a new etymology for these day-words from the root √UR “heat” as in ✶auri “heat, period of sun” (PE17/148). That opens the question whether the various 1930s Quenya “morning” words from ᴹ√AR remain valid, but many Neo-Quenya writers (including me) retain them since there aren’t really any good alternatives. They might be salvageable as derivatives of the later root √AS “warmth” (so that “day” = “hot” and “morning” = “warm”).

gwar-

prefix. other, different

oktā

noun. strife, war

lauka

adjective. warm

law

root. warm; abound

ndākō

noun. warrior, soldier

thur

root. surround, fence, ward, hedge in, secrete

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “surround, fence, ward, hedge in, secrete”, with derivatives like N. thora- “fence” and Ilk. thúren “guarded, hidden”, the latter serving as an element in the names Ilk. Thuringwethil “(Woman of) Secret Shadow” and Ilk. Garthurian “Hidden Realm” (Ety/THUR). Both these names survived in later versions of The Silmarillion (S/178; WJ/189), and later names like S. Thurin “Secret” and S. Thuringud “Hidden Foe” (UT/157; WJ/256) imply the ongoing validity of this root, though the survival of u in S. thurin is rather mysterious; David Salo suggested the ancient form might originally have been thūrin(e) (GS/291).

The earliest precursor to Garthurian was G. Gar Furion “Secret Place” from the 1910s (PE13/102; PE15/24), which was based on the unglossed root ᴱ√FURU or ᴱ√HURU from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. furin/G. furion “secret, hidden, concealed” and Q. furu/G. fûr “a lie” (QL/39; GL/36). In the Lost Tales of this period, Tolkien changed {G. Gar Furion >>} G. Gar Thurion (LT2/202), so it seems the shift from ᴱ√FURU >> ✱√ÞURU was very early.

berō

noun. valiant man, warrior

mbakhā

noun. article (for exchange), ware, thing

wegō

suffix. man; warrior

dēr

noun. man

anār

noun. Sun

ari

noun. day

aya

root. other, different (of larger numbers)

kalrondō

noun. hero

lin

root. sing

makla

noun. sword

turumbē

noun. shield

turumā

noun. shield