-ui

suffix. having quality

_ adj. suff. _having quality, **ful. With verbal stems, it has implication of possibility or suitability. >> fanui, lithui, úbedui, únodui

-ui

suffix. -ful, having quality, adjective suffix; possibility, suitability [as verbal suffix], *-able

Derivations

• ✶-ya “adjectival suffix” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25; VT42/25

Element in

• ᴺS. andrethui “patient, long suffering”
• S. Argonui
• ᴺS. asgolui “equivalent, (lit.) beside-bear-able”
• S. canthui “fourth” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25
• S. enchui “sixth” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25
• S. Erui
• S. fanui “cloudy, (lit.) having much cloud” ✧ PE17/173; RGEO/66
• S. gornodui “hard to count”
• S. gwathui “*shadowy, of shadow”
• S. hithui “misty”
• S. ilaurui “*daily” ✧ VT44/28
• S. levnui “fifth” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25; VT42/26
• S. lithui “ashen, ashy, of ash, ash-coloured, dusty” ✧ PE17/087; PE17/173; RC/765; RGEO/66; VT42/10
• ᴺS. madui “edible”
• S. melui “lovely, sweet”
• S. minui “first” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25
• S. nedrui “ninth” ✧ VT42/25
• S. nelui “third” ✧ VT42/25
• S. nerthui “ninth” ✧ VT42/10
• S. Nínui “February, *Watery”
• ᴺS. nodui “some, few, several”
• S. Nórui “June, *Fiery”
• S. othui “seventh” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25
• S. paenui “tenth” ✧ VT42/25
• S. caenui “tenth” ✧ VT42/10 (caenui)
• S. rustui “copper, copper, *of copper, like copper” ✧ VT41/10
• S. sennui “?rather, instead”
• S. tadui “second” ✧ VT42/25
• S. tollui “eighth” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25
• S. úbedui “not fit to say, unspeakable” ✧ PE17/144
• S. únodui “countless” ✧ PE17/144
• S. Urui “August, *Hot-one”
• S. úvelui “not amiable, unloveable” ✧ PE17/144

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ō-yā > -ui	[-ōjā] > [-ōja] > [-oia] > [-uia] > [-ui]	✧ VT42/25
✶ū-yā > -ui	[-ūjā] > [-ūja] > [-uia] > [-ui]	✧ VT42/25

Variations

• ui ✧ RC/765; VT42/26

-in

suffix. adjective suffix

-iel

suffix. adjective suffix

Element in

• S. glóriel “golden” ✧ S/235

Variations

• -iel ✧ S/235 (-iel)

-ad

suffix. dual

The Sindarin dual was almost certainly derived from the same primitive form ✶ata as the Quenya dual ending -t, indicating this ending was ancient in form. The other Quenya dual, -u, would not have been active in Sindarin since final vowels were lost.

Tolkien stated (Let/427) that this ending was archaic and lost, but did not state when it disappeared. The ending may have still been active in the First Age. The ending appears in the day-name Orgaladhad “Day of the Two Trees”. Since the Sindar had no direct experience with the trees, this word was likely adopted from its Quenya cognate Aldúya when the Noldor and Sindar were reunited.

Cognates

• Q. -t “dual ending”

Derivations

• ✶ata “numerative dual ending”

Element in

• S. Methiriad “?End of Two Rivers”
• S. nobad “thumb and index finger as a pair, *(lit.) pickers”

Variations

• -d ✧ Let/427

-eb

suffix. adjective suffix

Cognates

• Q. -inqua “-ful, complete” ✧ WJ/412

Derivations

• ✶-ikwā “-ful, adjectival suffix” ✧ WJ/412
  • √KWA “complete, full, whole, all, every, complete, full, whole, all, every; [ᴹ√] something” ✧ WJ/412; WJ/415

Element in

• S. aglareb “glorious, brilliant, glorious, brilliant, *radiant” ✧ WJ/412
• ᴺS. eitheb “thorny, *(orig.) full of points; sharp”
• S. ereb “single, alone, lonely, single, alone, lonely, [N.] isolated”
• S. fíreb “mortal”
• ᴺS. glidheb “like honey”
• S. gorthob “horrible”
• S. maecheneb “sharp-eye[d]” ✧ WJ/337
• ᴺS. maeligeb “wealthy, rich”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ikwā > -ipā > -eb	[-ikwā] > [-ipā] > [-ipa] > [-epa] > [-ep] > [-eb]	✧ WJ/412

-en

suffix. adjective suffix

Derivations

• ✶-inā “adjective; passive participle”

Element in

• S. aewen “of birds” ✧ SA/lin¹
• ᴺS. anóren “sunny”
• S. dínen “silent” ✧ PE17/098
• S. firin “mortal, dying, dying, mortal; [N.] human”
• S. glórin “*golden, golden, [G.] of gold”
• S. lossen “snowy” ✧ RGEO/62
• ᴺS. mirwelthen “vintage, *(lit.) wine pressing”
• S. rhúnen “eastern”
• S. thurin “secret, hidden”
• S. tolothen “eighth” ✧ SD/129

Variations

• -en ✧ PE17/098 (-en); RGEO/62 (-en); SA/lin¹ (-en); SD/129

-ren

suffix. adjective suffix

@@@ perhaps a later, S-only, innovation

Cognates

• Q. -rin “-ian, racial-adjective, language”

Element in

• S. angren “of iron” ✧ SA/anga
• S. celebrin “like silver (in hue or worth), like silver (in hue or worth), [G.] of silver”
• ᴺS. cothren “hostile”
• S. edhellen “elvish”
• S. Falathren “Shore-language”
• ᴺS. fathren “tasselled”
• ᴺS. gwaeren “windy”
• S. gwaeren “windy”
• S. gwathren “shadowy, dim”
• ᴺS. mabren “handed, having hands, dextrous”
• S. mithren “grey”
• S. silivren “(white) glittering, crystalline”
• ᴺS. singren “salt, *salty”