al-

prefix. not

pref. not. >> alfirin

al-

well

pref. #well. Q. al(a)-. . This gloss was rejected.

al-

prefix. no, not

Cognates

• Q. al(a)- “in-, un-, not; †-less, without”

Derivations

• √LA “no, not; negative; not to be”

Element in

• S. alfirin “immortal, (lit.) not dying; a species of flower” ✧ PE17/101
• ᴺS. alhad “nowhere”
• ᴺS. allu “never”
• ᴺS. alnad “nothing”
• ᴺS. alphen “no one, nobody”
• ᴺS. alben “no one”

Variations

• al- ✧ PE17/101

al-

prefix. well, happily

Cognates

• Q. al(a)- “well, happily” ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172

Derivations

• √AL(A) “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)” ✧ PE17/146

Element in

• S. albeth “(word of) good omen” ✧ PE17/146
• S. alfirin “immortal, (lit.) not dying; a species of flower” ✧ PE17/146
• S. alwed “prosperous, fortunate” ✧ PE17/146

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ALA > al-	[al-]	✧ PE17/146

Variations

• al- ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172 (al-)

mael

adjective. well

_ adj. _well. adjective << adverb. >> mae

mael

adjective. well

Derivations

• √MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ PE17/162

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√MAGA > mael	[magla] > [maɣla] > [maila] > [mail] > [mael]	✧ PE17/162

ma

adjective. good

_ adj. _good. Archaic and obsolete except as interjection 'good, excellent, that's right'.

baw

interjection. no, don't!

mae

adverb. well

mae

adverb. well

adv. well. Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.

mae

well

_ adv. _well. >> mael

bain

good

_ adj. _good, wholesome, blessed, fair (esp. of weather). . This gloss was rejected.

maer

good

_ adj. _good.

maer

good

adj. good, proper, excellent. Q. mára good, proper, Q. maira excellent. >> mae-. This gloss was rejected.

pen-

-less

pref. -less. >> penadar

pen-

-less

pref. -less. Q. _pen _without, not having. . This gloss was rejected.

ú

prefix. no, not (negative prefix or particle)

seregon

noun. "Blood of Stone", a plant of the kind called in English "stonecrop", with deep red flowers, that grew on Amon Rûdh

gú

no, not

also ú

gú

no, not

gú-, also ú-

ú

not

(adverbial prefix) ú-, u- (followed by lenition, e.g. ú-chebin ”I do not keep”) (without). Verb

ú

not

u- (followed by lenition, e.g. ú-chebin ”

û

interjection. no

adv. or interj. no, not (of fact).

û

adverb/interjection. no, not, no, not, [G.] nor

Derivations

• ✶ū “primitive negative interjection” ✧ PE17/144
  • √Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not” ✧ PE17/143

Element in

• S. ú- “no, not, negative; impossible, no, not, negative; impossible; [N.] bad-” ✧ PE17/144

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ū > û	[ū]	✧ PE17/144

al

not

al- (prefix) as in alfirin "not-mortal", immortal.

al

not

(prefix) as in alfirin "not-mortal", immortal.

an-

very

(as adverbial prefix) an-, as in:

an-

very

as in:

galas

plant

galas (i **alas) (growth), pl. gelais (i ngelais = i ñelais), coll. pl. galassath**

galas

plant

(i ’alas) (growth), pl. gelais (i ngelais = i ñelais), coll. pl. galassath

ava

will not

(i ava, in avar).

baw!

no

! (interjection expressing refusal or prohibition, not denying facts) baw! (dont!) Prefix

baw!

no

(don’t!) Prefix

dae

very

dae (exceedingly). Lenited dhae.

dae

adverb. very

Derivations

• √DAY “*great”

dae

very

(exceedingly). Lenited dhae.

law

adverb. not

Derivations

• √LA “no, not; negative; not to be”

mae

well

(adverb) mae (lenited vae).

mae

well

(lenited vae).

eithel

well

(= source) eithel (spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

eithel

well

(spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

maer

good

_(”useful” of things _ not of moral qualities) maer (lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.

maer

good

(lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.

said

not common

(lenited haid; no distinct pl. form) (separate, private, excluded) (VT42:20)