n. Settlement, appointed place; the Earth, the dwelling place or home of Elves (and Men) appointed by Eru. With the increase of knowledge it often excluded Aman, even before its removal from the 'circles of the world' after the Downfall. Q. ambar.
Sindarin
amar
world
amar
Settlement
amar
chiefly used later of the inhabited regions of the great land masses not including Aman or Eressea
n. chiefly used later of the inhabited regions of the great land masses not including Aman or Eressea (or usually even Númenor). . This gloss was rejected.
amar
noun. world, the Earth, (lit.) settlement, the great habitation
The usual Sindarin word for “world”, cognate of Q. Ambar, more literally meaning “settlement” or “the great habitation” (PE17/105; NM/226). It was derived from an augmented form of the root √MBAR “settle, dwell”: ✶a-mbar > ammar > amar (PE17/104, 124), with the usual shortening of long mm in Sindarin. For a discussion of its connection to Destiny, see the entry on Q. Ambar. However, in some notes from 1968, Tolkien said this word was not actually found in Sindarin, and was only hypothetical (NM/228).
Conceptual Development: N. amar “Earth” first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s, already as a derivative of ᴹ√MBAR “dwell, inhabit”. In the Early Noldorin Grammar and Early Noldorin Wordlists of the 1920s, however, Tolkien used ᴱN. barth for “world, earth” (PE13/120, 138), and in the Gnomish Lexicon the word G. mar meant “Earth” along with “ground, soil” (GL/56).
Cognates
- Q. Ambar “The World, Earth, (lit.) Habitation, Settlement” ✧ PE17/104; PE17/105; PE17/124; NM/228
Derivations
- √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ NM/226
- ✶ambar(a) “the settlement, establishment, the world” ✧ NM/228; PE17/104; PE17/105; PE17/124
- √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ NM/228; PE17/104; PE17/105; PE17/124
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √MBAR > amar [ambar] > [ammar] > [amar] ✧ NM/226 ✶ambar- > ammar > amar [ambar] > [ammar] > [amar] ✧ PE17/104
cae
noun. earth
This word is indeclinable, according to the Etymologies
ceven
noun. Earth
ennorath
noun. central lands, middle-earth
amar
earth
(archaic Ambar), pl. Emair
bâr
earth
(dwelling, house, home, family; land) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.
cae
noun. earth
Derivations
- ᴹ√KEM “soil, earth”
cae
earth
(i gae, o chae). No distinct pl. form even if there is a pl., except with article (i chae). For ”earth” as a substance, see also
ceven
earth
1) ceven (i geven, o cheven), pl. cevin (i chevin) (VT48:23), 2) (world) Amar (archaic Ambar), pl. Emair; 3) bâr (dwelling, house, home, family; land) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds. 4) (maybe ”earth” as substance) cae (i gae, o chae). No distinct pl. form even if there is a pl., except with article (i chae). For ”earth” as a substance, see also SOIL.
ceven
earth
(i geven, o cheven), pl. cevin (i chevin) (VT48:23)
ardhon
world
ardhon (great region/province), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath
ardhon
world
(great region/province), pl. erdhyn, coll. pl. ardhonnath
ennor
place name. central land, middle-earth
n. world.