mar

noun. Earth, ground, soil

A word in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “Earth, ground, soil”, apparently derived from the root ᴱ√mar- (GL/56). Tolkien also had G. Môr “the Earth”, so perhaps mar mainly meant “earth” in the more ordinary senses. For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I’d use later S. ceven for “earth”.

mardh

masculine name. Mardh

Another name for Aule in an very early name list of the Valar (PE14/12). May be an variation of mar “Earth”, used as a name.

mair

noun. horse

An (archaic) word for “horse” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s given as {mairog >>} mair, cognate to ᴱQ. mairo (GL/56), which appeared as ᴱQ. mairu in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√MAẎA (QL/60).

mawr

adjective. good

maragwast

noun. earth quake

A word in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “earth quake”, a combination G. mar “earth” and the lenited form of G. cwast “shaking” (GL/56).

marol

noun. sand

A noun with variants marol and mara in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “sand”, probably a derivative of the root ᴱ√MARA (GL/56); see the entry on the root for further discussion. In later writings, Tolkien used N. lith for “sand”.

maros

noun. ripe fruit

A word for a “ripe fruit” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/56), the equivalent of ᴱQ. marin “(ripe) fruit” under the early root ᴱ√MARA “ripe, yellow” (QL/59. 63).

martaglos

masculine name. Smith of the World

mar(o)n

adjective. ripe

mart(os)

noun. fate, portion, lot

martion

adjective. fated, doomed, fey

mara

noun. sand

mara-

verb. to dwell

maroglin

noun. yellow song, daffodil

glast

noun. marble

A noun appearing as G. glast “marble” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/39), probably derived from ᴱ✶ʒalast- like its cognate ᴱQ. alas (alast-) “marble” in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/30).

Neo-Sindarin: I think this word may be salvageable in Neo-Sindarin as ᴺS. glast, reconceived as a derivative of ᴹ√GALAS “joy, be glad”, perhaps from ᴺ✶galast- originally with the sense “thing pleasant to touch”.

glastrin

adjective. marble

An adjective appearing as G. glastrin “marble” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjectival form of G. glast (GL/39).

Neo-Sindarin: If adapted to Neo-Sindarin, I think this word would become ᴺS. glathren: compare S. othrond from S. ost + S. rond.

bros(s)

noun. mare

bageth

noun. market

broch

noun. mare

farn

noun. mark, boundary; shore

tê

noun. mark, line; track; path

bedhin

adjective. wedded, married

An adjective in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “wedded, married”, a combination of the early root ᴱ√Beđ- for marriage words and the adjective suffix G. -in (GL/22).

flass

noun. sea-marge, surf; foam; margin, ragged margin, fringe

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “sea-marge, surf; foam; margin, ragged margin, fringe” (GL/35), derived from the root ᴱ√fal- which was “connected with ... many words in fl–” (GL/33).

torc

noun. a sear, mark of a burn

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “a sear, mark of a burn” (GL/71), probably based on the early root ᴱ√TORO (QL/94).

taith

noun. a letter, mark, sign

elm(en)

noun. wonder; singular, marvelous or unique thing; something strange

elma-

verb. to marvel at, admire

falos

noun. sea-marge, surf, coast, line, beach; margin, fringe, edge

tholos

noun. sea-marge

trantha-

verb. to cross (tr. & intr.); to mark with a cross

brithla

noun. pearl

A word for “pearl” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/24), the equivalent of ᴱQ. marilla and hence derived from the early root ᴱ√MṚÐṚ “grind” (QL/63).

Conceptual Development: In Tolkien’s later writings this early Gnomish word seems to have been replaced by S./N. brith “gravel” (UT/54; Ety/BIRÍT).

bedhri

noun. wedding

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s for “a wedding”, a combination of the early root ᴱ√Beđ- for marriage words and the noun suffix G. -ri (GL/22).

brath-

verb. to cook

A verb appearing as G. brath- “cook (tr.)” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/24), marked with a “✱” indicating it was a root as well.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I retain both ᴺS. brath- “to cook” and the Neo-Root ᴺ√BRATH of the same meaning.

bara dhair haithin

place name. Cottage of the Lost Play

benna-

verb. to wed

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “to wed” based on the early root ᴱ√Beđ (GL/22).

brith-

verb. to chance

brog

noun. horse

bruithwir

masculine name. Bruithwir

mabrin(d)

noun. wrist

maloglin

noun. yellow song, daffodil

A noun appearing as G. maloglin or maloglin “daffodil, [lit.] yellow song” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/56). Its initial element is clearly G. malon “yellow”, and its second element is probably derived from the early root ᴱ√LIŘI [LIÐI] “sing” (QL/54).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would update this word’s elements to [N.] malen “yellow” (< ✱malina) and lind “song”. If we assume it is the result of an ancient compound, the i in ✱malina would not undergo a-affection because the element was non-final. As a result, the surviving i would induce i-affection on the a in the first syllable, changing it to e so that end result would be ᴺS. melillin “daffodil, (orig.) yellow song”: ✱malina-linde > ✱melin(a)-lind(e) > melillin.

tectha-

verb. to write

(m)bara-

verb. to dwell

-vran

suffix. dwelling

A suffixal form of G. brann (GL/24); see S. barthan for discussion.

-vron

suffix. dwelling

a

preposition. of

a(n)

preposition. of

ausirol

noun. fortune

baldrin

adjective. mighty

baur

noun. house

celeg

noun. glass

falas

noun. beach

govedhri

noun. wedding

gwadh-

verb. to dwell

A verb appearing as G. gwadh- “dwell” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with a (deleted) primitive form gu̯ađ (GL/46), likely an allusion to the early root ᴱ√ẆAÐA from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/102). In that document, Tolkien gave the Gnomish form as {gwath- >>} gwar-, however, which might align with the deleted primitive form ᴱ✶gu̯ara- “dwell” from the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/38).

gwast

noun. dwelling

A noun for “dwelling” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√[[ep|ŋwa[ð]-]] (GL/47).

lunta

noun. ship

mai

adverb. well

mindon

noun. tower

minthon

noun. tower

mora

adjective. good

mô

noun. hand

nan

preposition. of

osp(a)

noun. foam

A noun “foam” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with variants osp and ospa (GL/63), probably derived from the root ᴱ√Palas (QL/72).

polodrin

adjective. mighty

A word appearing as G. polodrin “mighty” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjective form of G. polod “power, might, authority” (GL/64). It had an archaic variant {poldurin >>} †polurin or polorin which was sometimes used as a sobriquet for Tulcus.

Neo-Sindarin: Since ᴹ√POL(OD) still had to do with “strength” in Tolkien’s later writings, I’d adapt this word as ᴺS. polodhren “mighty, ✱powerful” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin using the later Sindarin adjective -ren. Given the meanings of its base noun (including authority), I’d assume this adjective has a connotation of political power. I’d constrast it with S. belaith which I’d use for “mighty” in general (independent of authority).

redhos

noun. land

saroth

noun. sea

talp

noun. glass

umbart

noun. fate

umrod

noun. fate

to

proper name. To