badh-

verb. to judge

Derivations

• ᴹ✶bad- “to judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
  • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ Ety/BAD

Element in

• N. badhron “judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
• ᴺS. bedhril “judge (f.)”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶bad- > bað-	[bad-] > [bað-]	✧ Ety/BAD

Variations

• bað- ✧ Ety/BAD (bað-)

baudh

noun. judgement

baudh

noun. judgement

Derivations

• ᴹ✶bād- “judgement” ✧ Ety/BAD
  • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
• ᴹ✶mbād- “judgement, sentence” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶bād- > bauð	[bāda] > [bǭda] > [bouda] > [bouða] > [bauða] > [bauð]	✧ Ety/BAD

Variations

• bauð ✧ Ety/BAD; EtyAC/MBAD (bauð)

ú-

prefix. un, bad-

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/UGU

Derivations

• ᴹ✶gū̆- “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU
  • ᴹ√GŪ “no, not” ✧ Ety/GŪ
  • ᴹ√UMU “negative stems” ✧ Ety/UGU
  • ᴹ√GŪ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

Element in

• N. ubed “denial”
• N. uluithiad “unquenchable”
• N. uvan “*noone, nobody”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶ugu/gū > ú-	[ugu-] > [uɣu-] > [uɣu-] > [ū-]	✧ Ety/UGU

bad- Reconstructed

verb. *to tread, travel, *to tread, [G.] travel

Derivations

• On. bat- ✧ Ety/BAT
  • ᴹ√BAT “tread” ✧ Ety/BAT

Element in

• ᴺS. bannen “gone”
• N. govad- “to meet”
• N. trevad- “to traverse” ✧ Ety/BAT

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. batie > vedi	[bat-] > [vat-] > [vad-]	✧ Ety/BAT