(noun) 1) dagor (i nagor, o ndagor), analogical pl. degyr (i ndegyr), coll. pl. dagorath. Archaic dagr, so we might have expected dagrath as the coll. pl.; dagorath would be an analogical formation. 2) (battle of two or a few, not a general host) maeth (i vaeth) (fight), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth). 3) auth (war), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".
Sindarin
dagor
noun. battle
dagor
noun. battle
Derivations
- √NDAK “hew, slay, slay; hew” ✧ SA/dagor
Element in
- S. Dagor Aglareb “Glorious Battle” ✧ S/115
- S. Dagor Arnediad “Battle of Unnumbered Tears”
- S. Dagor Bragollach “Battle of Sudden Flame” ✧ S/151
- S. Dagor Dagorath “*Battle of All Battles”
- S. Dagorlad “Battle-plain” ✧ S/292
- S. Dagorlind “Singer in Battle”
- S. Dagor-nuin-Giliath “Battle-under-Stars” ✧ S/106
- ᴺS. dagras “slaughter”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ndak- > dagor [ndakro] > [dakro] > [dakr] > [dagr] > [dagor] ✧ SA/dagor Variations
- Dagor ✧ S/106; S/115; S/151; S/292
dag-
verb. to slay, to slay, [ᴱN.] kill
Cognates
- Q. nac- “to hew, cut, to hew, cut; [ᴹQ.] to kill, slay; to hate”
Derivations
- √NDAK “hew, slay, slay; hew” ✧ SA/dagor
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ndak- > Dag- [ndak-] > [dak-] > [dag-] ✧ SA/dagor Variations
- Dag- ✧ SA/dagor (Dag-)
dagor
battle
dagor
battle
(i nagor, o ndagor), analogical pl. degyr (i ndegyr), coll. pl. dagorath. Archaic dagr, so we might have expected dagrath as the coll. pl.; dagorath would be an analogical formation.
dagra
battle
(verb, "do battle, make war") dagra- (i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)
dagra
battle
(i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)
auth
battle
(war), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".
maeth
battle
(i vaeth) (fight), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth).
hûl
cry of encouragement in battle
(i chûl, o chûl, construct hul), pl. huil (i chuil)
A verb meaning “to slay” derived from the root √NDAK, best known from its passive participle dangen as in Haudh-en-Ndengin “Hill of Slain” (S/197). Tolkien wrote a set of possible past forms aðag, aðanc, aðarch in notes from 1962 (PE17/131), and the verb appeared in its (Noldorin) infinitive form degi “to slay” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√NDAK “slay” (Ety/NDAK), along with another couple of (Noldorin) past forms: danc, degant (EtyAC/NDAK). The verb form ᴱN. (n)dag- “to slay” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/141), but its present form dág was glossed “kills” and in the contemporaneous Early Noldorin Grammar the form dagion was likewise glossed “I kill” (PE13/130). Thus “slay” and “kill” are both viable translations.
Possible Etymology: In notes from around 1962, Tolkien gave ✶dankĭna as the primitive form of its passive participle dangen, indicating a root √DAK rather than √NDAK, which is also consistent with its nasal mutated plural form on that page: {i dengin >>} i nengin (PE17/133). The 1964 past forms aðag and aðanc also seem to indicate derivation from √DAK (PE17/131). In notes from around 1967, however, Tolkien had the mixed mutated form n(d)engin in the phrase i·m(b)air en N(d)engin, indicating √NDAK, and he consistently gave nac- for the equivalent Quenya forms, so the early 1960s flirtation with √DAK seems to have been a transient idea.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would assume the root is √NDAK, and hence I’d give it the past form ✱annanc “slayed” rather than aðanc.