gwā

root. *wind

gwa·lē·st·a

noun. gwa·lē·st·a

gwala

root. GWALA

gwara

root. GWARA

gwaṙa

root. rub

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “rub” (QL/103). There are no signs of it in Tolkien’s later writing.

gwasa

root. *rush

gwala

root. *brown

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s whose derivatives have to do with “brown” things, such as ᴱQ. wal(i)na “brown” and ᴱQ. Walien “brown” (QL/103). There are no signs of this root in Tolkien’s later writing.

ŋgwa-alassa

noun. ŋgwa-alassa

wara

root. care for, guard, watch (over)

This root appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as ᴱ√QARA “care for, guard, watch (over)” along with derivatives ᴱQ. qāra “watch, ward”, ᴱQ. qārele “watchfulness, anxiety”, and Gnomish variant gwar- (QL/76). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon G. gwar- appear with the gloss “watch (all senses)” with an apparent primitive form u̯ar “guard” (GL/46). This may represent a conceptual shift from primitive {ᴱ✶gʷar- >>} ᴱ✶war-, with earlier Qenya kʷar- being the result of the usual change whereby initial voiced stops were unvoiced [gʷ- > kʷ-]. Further evidence of this shift may be found in ᴱQ. Varavilindo, Qenya cognate of G. Gwarbilin “Birdward(en)” (GL/70), where the Qenya form was the result of w becoming v.

The most notable derivative of this root was G. gwareth “watch, guard, ward” as in G. Amon Gwareth “Hill of Watch” (LT2/158), a name that retained this form and meaning into Silmarillion drafts of the early 1930s (SM/137). In the mid-1930s, Tolkien considered changing the name to N. Amon Thoros (LR/56), but ultimately retained this name as S. Amon Gwareth into the 1950s, though without translation (WJ/200; S/126). It is thus possible this early root ᴱ√(G)WARA “guard” survived, but it just as likely that the name Amon Gwareth survived without being given a proper etymology in the Elvish languages as Tolkien imagined them in the 1950s and 60s.

ŋu̯a

prefix. together, in one

gwṛðṛ

root. die

reðe

root. kinsman

The form reðe was a root added under ᴱ√RESE [REÞE] “aid, support” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, with derivatives of ᴱ√RESE having to do with “kinship” reassigned to reðe, such as ᴱQ. renda “related, of the same kin or clan” and ᴱQ. resse “kinswoman, cousin” (QL/79). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien had a similar set of words likewise derived from distinct reth- vs. redh-, with the latter most likely being the basis for words like G. redhin “related” and G. ress “cousin (f.), relative” (GL/65). The root was given as RESE- “kinsman” in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/79), but the addition of reðe may be later than that document.

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is worth positing a Neo-Root ᴺ√RE(N)D to preserve these early kinship and cousin words, for which we have no later alternatives. It might be considered a variant of later root √RED “scatter, sow” (Ety/RED; PE19/91) and thus applied only to more distant kin.

ŋuarenđā

noun. family

wala Reconstructed

root. fortune, happiness; *power

wasa Speculative

root. juice

alchwa

noun. swan

gu̯ara-

verb. to dwell

keme

root. soil

lapa

root. enfold

qala

root. die

rese

root. kinsman

sleiwa

adjective. pale

sō

root. *together

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s that Tolkien said was used only for the prefix ᴱQ. so- “grouped, together”, but immediately under it he wrote another (non-prefixal?) root ᴱ√SŌ with a single derivative ᴱQ. sóma “state, condition” (QL/85). There are no signs of either of these functions for this root in Tolkien’s later writing.

ṇ̄dai

adverb. far away

gana Speculative

root. young

A hypothetical early root that would explain words appearing in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s such as ᴱQ. kana and G. gân “young” (GL/37). There are no signs of this root in Tolkien’s later writings.