1) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9); 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath (VT45:22)._ _Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred. 3) brannon (i vrannon), pl. brennyn (i mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath; 4) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath.
Sindarin
hîr
noun. lord, master
Cognates
- Q. heru “lord, master” ✧ Let/282; SA/heru; PM/210; VT41/09
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Ondohir ✧ PM/210
- S. a Hîr Annûn Gilthoniel “*oh Lady of the West, Star-kindler” ✧ LB/354
- S. aran Gondor ar Arnor ar Hîr i Mbair Annui “king of Gondor and Arnor and Lord of the Westlands” ✧ AotM/062; SD/129
- S. Arothir “Noble Lord”
- S. Barahir “*Fiery-lord” ✧ SA/heru
- S. Duinhir “*River Lord”
- S. Elphir
- S. Erchirion
- S. Gonnhirrim “Masters of Stone” ✧ SA/heru
- S. Gwaihir “Windlord”
- S. herdir “master”
- S. híril “lady, lady; [G.] princess, †queen” ✧ SA/heru
- S. Hirluin
- S. Hirwen
- S. Lothíriel
- S. rochir “knight, horse-lord” ✧ Let/282
- S. Rochirrim “Horse-lords” ✧ UT/318
- S. Rohirrim “Horse-lords” ✧ Let/382; SA/heru
- S. Torhir Ifant
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶khēr > hir [kʰēr] > [xēr] > [xīr] > [hīr] ✧ Let/282 ✶khēr > hîr [kʰēr] > [xēr] > [xīr] > [hīr] ✧ VT41/09 Variations
- Hîr ✧ AotM/062; LB/354; SD/129
- hir ✧ Let/282
- hīr ✧ PM/210
hîr
noun. master, lord
sîr
noun. river, stream
Cognates
- Q. sír(ë) “river, river, [ᴱQ.] stream”
Derivations
- √SIR “flow” ✧ SA/sîr
Element in
- S. ethir “mouth of a river, (lit.) outflow” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Glanhír “Boundary Stream”
- S. Gwathir “River of Shadow” ✧ UT/263
- S. lanthir “waterfall”
- S. Limhír “Clear/Sparkling River”
- S. Linhir “Fair Stream” ✧ RC/587
- S. Lithir “?Ash River”
- S. Methiriad “?End of Two Rivers”
- S. Minhiriath “Between the Rivers” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Nanduhirion “Dimrill Dale, (lit.) Vale of (the Region of) Dim Streams” ✧ PE17/037; RC/269; SA/sîr
- S. Eglahir “*Elf-river”
- S. Ossir “Seven-rivers” ✧ RC/384
- S. Ossiriand “Land of Seven Rivers” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Sîr Angren “*River of Iron”
- S. Sirannon “Gate-stream” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Sirion “Great River” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Sîr Luin
- S. Sîr Ninglor “Gladden River”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √sir- > sîr [sīre] > [sīr] ✧ SA/sîr Variations
- Sîr ✧ RC/384
sîr
noun. river
hîr
lord
hîr
lord
(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)
hîr
master
(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)
sîr
river
1) (also = rill) sîr (i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”. 2) celon (i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn), 3) The word lind ”singer” may also be used of rivers (see . (WJ.309).
sîr
river
(i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”.
ethir
of a river
(estuary), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. ethiriath. Note: a homophone means "spy".
herdir
master
(noun) 1) herdir (i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or *”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath. 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22)._ Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred. 3) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)_ 4) (also used = ”mastery”) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath
herdir
noun. master
Changes
herdir→ Cherdir “master” ✧ AotM/062Element in
- S. edregol e aníra tírad i Cherdir Perhael (i sennui Panthael estathar aen) Condir i Drann “in especial he desires to see Master Samwise (who should be called Fullwise) Mayor of the Shire” ✧ AotM/062; SD/129
Elements
Word Gloss hîr “lord, master” dîr “man, man, [N.] adult male; agental suffix”
duin
river
(long, large river with strong current) duin (i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin) (VT48:24)
orthor
master
(vb.) orthor (i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)
duin
noun. (long and large) river (having strong current)
herdir
noun. master
tûr
noun. master, [N.] mastery, victory, [ᴱN.] power [over others]; [S.] master
Derivations
- √TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”
Element in
Variations
- tur ✧ SA/amarth (tur)
brannon
lord
(i** vrannon), pl. brennyn (i** mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath
celon
river
(i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn)
duin
large river
(i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin), coll. pl. duinath (Names:179, PM:54); compare the river-name Anduin, ”long river”.
herdir
master
(i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or ✱”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath.
heron
lord
(i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath** (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn** ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred.
heron
master
(i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred.
lind
river
”singer” may also be used of rivers (see
orthor
master
(i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)
tûr
lord
(i** dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i** thuir), coll. pl. túrath.
tûr
master
(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath
tûr
master, mastery
(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath
A common Sindarin word for “river” or “stream”, a relatively small river compared to S. duin. It is a derivative of √SIR “flow” (SA/sîr; Ety/SIR).
Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s where G. sîr “river” appeared (GL/67), a derivative of the early root ᴱ√SIŘI (or a variant of it) as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Sirion). ᴱN. sír “stream” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s, though in that instance it was changed to ᴱN. hír “lord” (PE13/147). N. sîr “river” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR). It appeared several times in Tolkien’s later writings, variously glossed “river” (RC/384) or “stream” (PE17/37; RC/269), as well as being an element in many Sindarin and Noldorin river names.