lemen, alternative cardinal "five" (VT48:6, 20); the word normally appears as lempë, but compare lemenya below.
Quenya
lempë
cardinal. five
lempë
cardinal. five
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
- Q. lempëa “fifth” ✧ VT42/26
- ᴺQ. lepenquain “fifty”
- ᴺQ. lepenquëan “fifty”
- Q. lepenquë “*fifteen”
- Q. lepesta “one fifth”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √LEPEN > lepne > lempe [lepne] > [lenpe] > [lempe] ✧ PE17/095 ✶lepen > lempe [lepne] > [lenpe] > [lempe] ✧ PE17/095 ✶lepene > lepne > lempe [lepene] > [lepne] > [lenpe] > [lempe] ✧ VT42/24 ✶lepene > lepne > lempe [lepene] > [lepne] > [lenpe] > [lempe] ✧ VT47/10 ✶lepenē̆ > lepnē > lempe [lepenē] > [lepnē] > [lenpē] > [lempē] > [lempe] ✧ VT47/24 Variations
- lempe ✧ PE17/095; PE17/095; VT42/24; VT42/25; VT42/26; VT47/10; VT47/24
- lemne ✧ PE17/095
- lemen ✧ VT48/06
lemen
cardinal. five
lemen
cardinal. five
lemnë
cardinal. five
lepenya
lepenya
lepenya, see lempë
perta
one half
perta fraction "one half" (1/2), also peresta (VT48:11)
perta
fraction. one half
peresta
one half
peresta fraction "one half" (1/2), also perta (VT48:11)
peresta
fraction. one half
Elements
Word Gloss per- “half, half, [ᴹQ.] semi” asta “month; division, part (esp. one of other equal parts)” Variations
- perta ✧ VT48/11
cainen
cardinal. ten
[cainen] ("k") cardinal "ten" (KAYAN/KAYAR). According to VT48:12, Tolkien eventually rejected this word (cainen would only mean "I lay", sc. the pa.t. cainë with the ending -n "I"). See quain, quëan.
cainen
cardinal. ten
cëa
cardinal. ten
[cëa, cëan ("k") cardinal "ten", forms Tolkien later abandoned in favour of quain or quëan. An adjectival form caina ("k") was also listed, but must likewise be considered obsolete. (VT48:12-13, VT49:54)]
cëa(n)
cardinal. ten
Cognates
- S. caen “ten” ✧ PE17/095
Derivations
- √KAYAN “ten” ✧ VT48/12
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √kayan > kea(n) [kajan] > [kean] ✧ VT48/12 Variations
- këa ✧ PE17/095
- kainen ✧ PE17/095
- kea(n) ✧ VT48/12
quain
cardinal. ten
quain cardinal "ten" (also quëan); quainëa ordinal "tenth" (VT48:6, 20; VT42:25). Quain or quëan replaced the form cainen in Tolkiens conception.
quain
cardinal. ten
Element in
- ᴺQ. quaista “one tenth”
quëan
cardinal. ten
quëan cardinal "ten", also quain (VT48:6, 12, 20). Quain or quëan replaced the form cainen in Tolkiens conception.
quëan
cardinal. ten
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. canquain “forty”
- ᴺQ. canaquain “forty”
- ᴺQ. canaquëan “forty”
- ᴺQ. enenquain “sixty”
- ᴺQ. enenquëan “sixty”
- ᴺQ. lepenquain “fifty”
- ᴺQ. lepenquëan “fifty”
- ᴺQ. nelquain “thirty”
- ᴺQ. nelequain “thirty”
- ᴺQ. nelequëan “thirty”
- ᴺQ. neterquain “ninety”
- ᴺQ. neterquëan “ninety”
- ᴺQ. otoquain “seventy”
- ᴺQ. otoquëan “seventy”
- ᴺQ. quaihúmë “ten thousand, myriad”
- Q. quainëa “tenth”
- ᴺQ. quëallumë “ten times”
- ᴺQ. tolquain “eighty”
- ᴺQ. toloquain “eighty”
- ᴺQ. toloquëan “eighty”
- ᴺQ. yuquain “twenty”
- ᴺQ. yúquëan “twenty”
Variations
- quean ✧ VT48/06; VT48/20
- quain ✧ VT48/06; VT48/20
lempë cardinal "five" (LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK, GL:53, VT42:24, VT47:10, 24); lempëa ordinal "fifth", an analogical formation replacing older lemenya, in turn altered from the historically "correct" form lepenya because of analogy with the cardinal lempë "five" (VT42:25; Vanyarin Quenya maintained lepenya, VT42:26)