Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

mal-

verb. to chew

A verb appearing as G. mal- “to chew” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/56), perhaps based on the early root ᴱ√MALA “crush” (QL/58).

Neo-Sindarin: The root became ᴹ√MBAL in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/MBAL), whose Sindarin derivatives would start with bal- conflicting with later forms like S. bal- “✱to have [divine] power” (PE17/131). For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would use ᴺS. nadh- “to chew, gnaw” from ᴹ√NYAD “gnaw” (Ety/NYAD).

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MALA “crush, squeeze, pulp”

Element in

  • G. môl “the (inside of the) mouth”

culu

noun. gold

Cognates

  • Eq. kulu “gold” ✧ LT2A/Glingol; PE15/22

Derivations

  • ᴱ√KULU “gold” ✧ LT1A/Kulullin

Element in

  • G. Culugorm “disc of gold” ✧ GL/27
  • G. Culugrithnir “ring of gold” ✧ GL/27
  • G. Culuvrad “wain of gold” ✧ GL/27
  • G. culwin “golden” ✧ GL/27
  • G. Glingol “Singing Gold” ✧ LT2A/Glingol; PE15/22

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√KULU > culu[kulū] > [kulu]✧ LT1A/Kulullin

Variations

  • Culu ✧ GL/27 (Culu); LT2A/Glingol (Culu); PE15/22 (Culu)
  • Culon ✧ LT2A/Glingol (Culon); PE15/22 (Culon)
Gnomish [GG/14; GL/26; GL/27; GL/38; LT1A/Ilsaluntë; LT1A/Kulullin; LT2A/Glingol; PE15/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glôr

noun. gold

Cognates

  • Eq. laure “(mystic name of) gold” ✧ GL/40; LT2A/Glorfalc; PE15/25; LT1A/Laurelin; QL/051

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LOURI “*gold” ✧ QL/051

Element in

  • G. Glorund ✧ GL/40; LT2A/Glorfalc
  • G. Glorfindel “Gold-tress, Goldlocks” ✧ GL/40; LT2A/Glorfalc; PE15/25
  • G. glôriol “golden, like gold” ✧ GL/40; LT1A/Laurelin
  • G. glôrin “golden, of gold” ✧ GL/40; LT1A/Laurelin
  • G. glo(r)nethlin “meadowgold, buttercup” ✧ GL/40
  • G. Glorvent “Ship of Gold” ✧ GL/40; LT1A/Glorvent
  • G. Glorfalc “Golden Cleft” ✧ GL/40; LT2A/Glorfalc; PE15/25

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LOU̯RI > glôr[louri] > [lōri] > [lōr] > [glōr]✧ QL/051

Variations

  • Glor- ✧ LT1A/Glorvent
  • Glor ✧ LT2A/Glingol; LT2A/Glorfalc; PE15/22; PE15/25
Gnomish [GG/12; GL/40; LT1A/Glorvent; LT1A/Laurelin; LT2A/Glingol; LT2A/Glorfalc; PE15/22; PE15/25; QL/051] Group: Eldamo. Published by