nedia-

verb. to count, number

A verb for “count, number” implied by compounds like genediad “reckoning” (SD/129) and arnediad “unnumbered” (WJ/28), as well as archaic forms like arnoediad [arnœdiad] (S/192) and pen-noediad “innumerable” (PE17/145). This verb appeared as (archaic) N. nœdia- “count” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√NOT “count, reckon” (Ety/NOT; EtyAC/NOT). Its modern form would be nedia-, since œ became e in Sindarin’s phonetic history.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I assume nod- “count” is archaic and prefer to use nedia- as the modern Sindarin verb for “to count, number”. I use [N.] gonod- for “count up, sum up, reckon” and genedia- for “reckon, ✱calculate”. However, it is possible that nœdia- is archaic as well, and only gonod- and genedia- should be used as counting verbs.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {tath- “count”}, but this was deleted and replaced by G. tathna- “number, count, reckon” which itself originally had the [deleted] gloss “make a sign, beckon” (GL/69). In the appendixes to the second book of The Lost Tales, Christopher Tolkien incorrectly gave the verb tathna- as tathra- “number, count” (LT2A/Nínin-Udathriol). These Gnomish verbs were clearly based on the early root ᴱ√TAÞA “count” (QL/90).

nedia-

verb. to count

nedia

count

(verb) nedia- (reckon, number) (i nedia, in nediar). Cited in archaic form ”noedia” = nödia- (LR:378 s.v. NOT);

nedia

count

(reckon, number) (i nedia, in nediar). Cited in archaic form ”noedia” = nödia- (LR:378 s.v. NOT);

genediad

count

(noun) genediad (i **enediad) (reckoning), pl. genediaid (i ngenediaid** = i ñenediaid) if there is a pl.

genediad

count

(i ’enediad) (reckoning), pl. genediaid (i ngenediaid = i ñenediaid) if there is a pl.

nod-

verb. to count

An (archaic?) verb for “count” implied by various compounds like pen-nod “without count” and únodui “countless” (PE17/144-145). In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien said that “not- count, nut- tie coalesced in Exilic ✱nod-, but ‘count’ was always expressed by gonod- unless some other prefix was added, as in arnediad” (Ety/WŌ). Thus it seems nod “count” survived only an element in compounds, and words like [N.] gonod- “count up, reckon” and nedia- “count” became the usual verbs for counting. According to The Etymologies it seems the basic verb form [N.] nod- meant only “to tie” in the modern form of the language.

Conceptual Development: In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, nod- was mentioned as element in ᴱN. go-nod- “count up” (PE13/162).

gonod

count up

(i ’onod, i ngenedir = i ñenedir) (reckon, sum up), pa.t. gonont