olca

evil, bad, wicked

olca adj. "evil, bad, wicked" (VT43:23-24, VT48:32, VT49:14, PE17:149). The root meaning implies "wickedness as well as badness or lack of worth" (PE17:170). Variant of ulca.

naxa

adjective. evil

naxa

noun/adjective. evil

Element in

• Q. carë mára quí tyarë naxa “doing good may cause evil” ✧ PE22/154

Variations

• naxa ✧ PE22/154

ulca

evil, bad, wicked, wrong

ulca adj. "evil, bad, wicked, wrong" (QL:97, VT43:23-24, VT48:32, VT49:14; compounded in henulca "evileyed", SD:68); variant olca, q.v. Compare noun ulco. The adj. ulca may also itself be used as a noun "evil", as in the ablative form ulcallo "from evil" (VT43:8, 10) and the sentence cé mo quetë ulca *"if one speaks evil" (VT49:19).

ulco

evil

ulco (stem #ulcu-) noun "evil", pl. *ulqui (VT43:23-24; the stem-form is attested in the ablative case: ulcullo "from evil", VT43:12)

ulco

noun. evil

Derivations

• √UK “nasty”

Element in

• Q. násië “but deliver us from evil: Amen” ✧ VT43/24; VT43/23
• ᴺQ. ulculóra “without evil”

úmëa

evil

úmëa (2) adj. "evil" (UGU/UMU). Obsoleted by #1 above? Possibly connected to úmëai in Narqelion, if that is a "Qenya" plural form.

úro

evil

úro noun "evil" (VT43:24); Tolkien may have abandoned this form in favour of ulco, q.v.

úra

evil, nasty

úra (1) adj. "evil, nasty" (VT43:24, VT48:32)

urra

adjective. bad

Changes

• unca → urra “bad” ✧ PE22/168

Derivations

• √UG “dislike”

Element in

• Q. umbë nin i hríve nauva urra (si loa) “I have a feeling that winter will be bad (this year)” ✧ PE22/168

Variations

• unca ✧ PE22/168 (unca)

ú-

prefix. bad, uneasy, hard

ogol

bad

_ adj. _bad, evil, wrong. Q. olca bad, wicked. oklā << ōklā. >> oew, ogron

ogol

adjective. wicked, evil

ogol

ogol

pl1. ygil, ygli n.

ogol

egyl

pl1. egyl n.egyl < ogyl.

ogol

adjective. bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)

Cognates

• Q. olca “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/149; PE17/170; VT48/32
• Q. ulca “evil; dark, gloomy, sinister, evil; dark, gloomy, sinister; [ᴱQ.] bad, wicked, wrong” ✧ PE17/149; PE18/088

Derivations

• √OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
• ✶ulka ✧ PE17/149
  • √UK “nasty” ✧ VT48/32
• ✶oklā “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170
  • √OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
• ✶uklā “gloom, gloomy” ✧ PE18/088

Element in

• ᴺS. oglas “wickedness, *evil”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√OKO > ogol	[okla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/149
✶UKLA > ogl	[ukla] > [ukla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/149
✶oklā > ogol	[oklā] > [okla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/170
✶ū̆k’la > ogl > ogol	[ukla] > [ukla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE18/088

Variations

• ogl ✧ PE17/149

ogol

noun. ?Elf

An untranslated term appearing between the names of different names for the Noldor and possibly other Elf-tribes on the back page of Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 (PE17/142). It stems from some very rough notes in which Tolkien considered many different forms listed one after the other, so the connections presented here are somewhat tentative.

It has multiple different plural forms: a regular form egyl < ✶okoli, and multiple forms for variants, where the word derives from ✶oklō, via syllabificaion of -l &gt; -ol:

• ygl, ygil: The -l vocalizes to -il instead of -ol. Before the vocalization took place, the plural mutation was carried out to produce ygl, which explains, why the resulting form is ygil instead of egil, which would be usuall for o in non-final syllables.

• ygli: This form is rather unusual for a Sindarin word, as final vowels usually vanish, but the note also includes what seems to be a dierct reference to this rule “?ḷ́ < li, ṛ́ < ri” (PE17/142).

Derivations

• ✶oklō ✧ PE17/142; PE17/142; PE17/142; PE17/142

Element in

• S. Ogolmar ✧ PE17/142; PE17/142

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶okli > ygli	[okli] > [ukli] > [ykli] > [ygli]	✧ PE17/142
✶okli > ygil	[okli] > [ukli] > [ykli] > [ygli] > [ygl] > [ygil]	✧ PE17/142
✶oklō > ogl	[oklō] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/142
✶okoli > ogyl	[okoli] > [okuli] > [œkyli] > [œgyli] > [œgyl] > [egyl]	✧ PE17/142

Variations

• ogl ✧ PE17/142; PE17/142
• ogol ✧ PE17/142; PE17/142; PE17/142
• ogdl ✧ PE17/142 (ogdl)

ogarol

wicked

_ adj. _wicked, doing wrong. rhugarol << ogarol. >> ogol, ogron, rhugarol. This gloss was rejected.

rhugarol

adjective. wicked

_ adj. _wicked, doing wrong. rhugarol << ogarol. >> rhugar

rhû

evil

adj. evil, wicked. Q. hruo. >> Rhudaur

rhû

evil

_ adj. _evil, wicked. Q. hrúa, hrúya. >> rhu-, Rhudaur

thu

bad

_adj. _bad. >> thugar. This gloss was rejected.

um

bad

um (evil), pl. ym. David Salo would read *ûm with a long vowel. (According to VT46:20, it may be that um is intended as a base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word.)

um

bad

(evil), pl. ym. David Salo would read ✱ûm with a long vowel. *(According to VT46:20, it may be that um is intended as a base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word.)*

ogol

evil

1) ogol (wicked), pl. egyl (archaic ögyl) (VT48:32), 2) possibly also um (bad), pl. ym (or uim?) (David Salo would read *ûm with a long vowel. According to VT46:20, it may be that Tolkien intended um as a primitive base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word; the word ogol may therefore be preferred.)

ogol

evil

(wicked), pl. egyl (archaic ögyl) (VT48:32)

ogol

wicked

ogol (evil), pl. egyl (archaic ögyl) (VT48:32)

faeg

bad

*faeg (poor, mean). No distinct pl. form. (Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.)

faeg

bad

(poor, mean). No distinct pl. form. (Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.)

um

evil

(bad), pl. ym (or uim?) (David Salo would read ✱ûm with a long vowel. According to VT46:20, it may be that Tolkien intended um as a primitive base rather than as a ”Noldorin” word; the word ogol may therefore be preferred.)

ummas

noun. evil

Derivations

• ᴹ√UMU “negative stems”
  • ᴹ√GŪ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

úmarth

evil fate

(pl. úmerth).

um

adjective. bad, evil