Quenya 

vanda

prison, hell

[vanda] (2) noun "prison, Hell" (cf. Angavanda). (VT45:6; this word was apparently rejected in favour of mando)

mando

noun. custody, safe keeping; prison, duress

Cognates

  • S. band “prison, custody, duress, prison, custody, [N.] duress; [ᴱN.] hell” ✧ SA/band; MR/350; MR/471

Derivations

  • ✶mbandō “custody, safekeeping; prison, duress” ✧ MR/350; MR/471; SA/band

Element in

  • Q. Angamando “Iron Prison, Iron-gaol” ✧ MR/350; SA/band
  • ᴺQ. mandontur “jailer”
  • Q. Mandos “Castle of Custody” ✧ MR/350

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶mbandō > mando[mbandō] > [mandō] > [mando]✧ MR/350
✶mbandō > mando[mbandō] > [mandō] > [mando]✧ MR/471
✶mbando > mando[mbando] > [mando]✧ SA/band
Quenya [MR/350; MR/471; SA/band] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mando

custody, safe keeping

mando noun "custody, safe keeping" (MR:350) or "prison, duress" (in Mandos, see below, also compare Angamando being translated 'Iron-Gaol') (SA:band). A variant #manda occurs in the place-name Angamanda (see Angamando). Personal name Mando "the Imprisoner or Binder", usually lengthened Mandos. In a deleted version of the entry MBAD of the Etymologies, Tolkien gave mando the meaning "doomsman, judge" instead of "custody" (MBAD (ÑGUR, GOS/GOTH, SPAN), VT45:33)

Sindarin 

othrond

noun. fortress or city in underground caves, underground stronghold

Sindarin [Ety/379, Ety/384, WJ/414, X/ND4] ost+rond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

othronn

noun. fortress or city in underground caves, underground stronghold

Sindarin [Ety/379, Ety/384, WJ/414, X/ND4] ost+rond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

band

noun. prison, custody, duress, prison, custody, [N.] duress; [ᴱN.] hell

Cognates

  • Q. mando “custody, safe keeping; prison, duress” ✧ SA/band; MR/350; MR/471

Derivations

  • ✶mbandō “custody, safekeeping; prison, duress” ✧ MR/350; SA/band

Element in

  • S. Angband “Iron Prison” ✧ MR/350; SA/band

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶mbandō > band[mbandō] > [mbando] > [bando] > [band]✧ MR/350
Sindarin [MR/350; MR/470; MR/471; SA/band] Group: Eldamo. Published by

band

noun. duress, prison, custody, safe-keeping

Sindarin [Ety/371, S/428, MR/350, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

band

prison

1) band (i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, safekeeping, duress, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath; 2) gador (i **ador) (dungeon), analogical pl. gedyr (i ngedyr = i ñedyr). Archaic gadr**.

band

prison

(i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, safekeeping, duress, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath

gador

prison

(i ’ador) (dungeon), analogical pl. gedyr (i ngedyr = i ñedyr). Archaic gadr.

band

duress

band (i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, safekeeping, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

band

duress

(i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, safekeeping, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

thang

duress

thang (compulsion, need, oppression, tyranny), pl. theng if there is a pl.

thang

duress

(compulsion, need, oppression, tyranny), pl. theng if there is a pl.

band

custody

band (i mand, o mband; construct ban) (prison, safekeeping, duress, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

band

custody

(i mand, o mband; construct ban) (prison, safekeeping, duress, doom, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

Black Speech

lûg

noun. fortress, lock-up, prison

Element in

  • Bs. Lugbúrz “Dark Tower” ✧ PE17/079
Black Speech [PE17/079] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Khuzdûl

gathol Reconstructed

noun. fortress

Element in

Primitive elvish

mbandō

noun. custody, safekeeping; prison, duress

Derivatives

  • Q. mando “custody, safe keeping; prison, duress” ✧ MR/350; MR/471; SA/band
  • S. band “prison, custody, duress, prison, custody, [N.] duress; [ᴱN.] hell” ✧ MR/350; SA/band

Element in

  • Q. Mandos “Castle of Custody” ✧ SA/band

Variations

  • mbando ✧ SA/band
Primitive elvish [MR/350; MR/471; SA/band] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

bann

noun. duress, prison

Changes

  • bann → bann “Hell” ✧ Ety/MBAD

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. manda “prison, *duress” ✧ EtyAC/BAD²

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶mbanda “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD
    • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
  • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ EtyAC/BAD²; EtyAC/MBAD

Element in

  • N. Angband “Iron Prison, Hells of Iron” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD² (Angband); EtyAC/MBAD (Ang(a)band)
  • N. Bannos “Mandos, Dread Imprisoner”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶mbanda > band > bann[mbanda] > [banda] > [band] > [bann]✧ Ety/MBAD
ᴹ√BAD² > band > bann[banda] > [band] > [bann]✧ EtyAC/BAD²
Noldorin [Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²; EtyAC/MBAD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gador

noun. prison, dungeon

Noldorin [Ety/358] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gador

noun. prison, dungeon

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “prison, dungeon” derived from the ᴹ√GAT(H) (Ety/GAT(H)).

Neo-Sindarin: Another derivative of this root was N. gath “cavern”, also appearing as the initial element of the name N. Doriath “Land of the Cave”. In later writings S. Doriath was redefined as “Land of the Fence” with final element S. iath “fence” (WJ/370), so the root ᴹ√GAT(H) was probably abandoned. However, I think gador “prison” may be salvaged as a derivative of the root ᴹ√GAT “catch” instead.

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GAT(H) “*cave” ✧ Ety/GAT(H)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GAT(H) > gadr > gador[gatro] > [gatr] > [gadr] > [gador]✧ Ety/GAT(H)
Noldorin [Ety/GAT(H)] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gadr

noun. prison, dungeon

Noldorin [Ety/358] Group: SINDICT. Published by

othrond

noun. fortress or city in underground caves, underground stronghold

Noldorin [Ety/379, Ety/384, WJ/414, X/ND4] ost+rond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

band

noun. duress, prison, custody, safe-keeping

Noldorin [Ety/371, S/428, MR/350, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bann

noun. duress, prison, custody, safe-keeping

Noldorin [Ety/371, S/428, MR/350, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

manda

noun. prison, *duress

Cognates

  • N. bann “duress, prison” ✧ EtyAC/BAD²

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶mbanda “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
    • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Angamanda “Iron Prison, Hells of Iron” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD² (Angavanda)
  • ᴹQ. Mandos “(Dread) Imprisoner”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶mbanda > manda[mbanda] > [manda]✧ Ety/MBAD
ᴹ✶banda > vanda[banda] > [βanda] > [vanda]✧ EtyAC/BAD²

Variations

  • vanda ✧ EtyAC/BAD² (vanda)
Qenya [Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

mbanda

noun. duress, prison

Derivations

  • ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. manda “prison, *duress” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
  • N. bann “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD

Variations

  • banda ✧ EtyAC/BAD² (banda)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

(m)bad

root. duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge

The most notable derivative of this root is Q. Mandos, which in Tolkien’s earlier writings was the name of the Vala, but in later writings technically only the name of his halls. The first iteration of this root was unglossed {ᴱ√MANÐAN >>} ᴱ√Mᵇ(A)NÐ(A)N from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, with a more “normal” Quenya form of MAND; its derivative ᴱQ. Mandos was glossed “hell” at this early stage (QL/58, 60). In a list of roots at the end of the M-section Tolkien gave it as MṆÐṆ and its Gnomish variant band- was glossed “bind”, which was the most likely meaning of the root at this early stage (QL/63).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as ᴹ√BAD along with a strengthened form ᴹ√MBAD glossed “duress, prison, doom, hell” (Ety/BAD, MBAD). Earlier entries for the strengthened root ᴹ√MBAD had glosses “hell” >> “doom” (EtyAC/MBAD). The strengthened root had derivatives like N. bann “duress, prison” and cognate ᴹQ. manda as in ᴹQ. Angamanda “Hell, Iron Prison” (Ety/MBAD). Tolkien said the unstrengthened root ᴹ√BAD was “not in Q” and it had derivatives like primitive verb ᴹ✶bad- “judge”, N. bauð “judgement”, and N. badhron “judge” (Ety/BAD), the Noldorin words having been transferred from ᴹ√MBAD (EtyAC/MBAD).

Thus it seems the unstrengthened root meant ᴹ√BAD “judge” and the strengthened root ᴹ√MBAD meant “duress, prison”. Tolkien’s continued use of names like Q. Mandos “Castle of Custody” and S. Angband “Iron Prison” indicate the ongoing validity of strengthened √MBAD, but there are other later root for “judge” such as ✱√NAM or √NDAB (PE22/154; VT42/34). These roots served as the basis for the true name of Mandos: Q. Námo or Návo (S/28; PE21/85; PE22/154).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is best to assume √BAD survived as a Sindarin-only root for “judge”, since the Sindar had no direct encounter with the Vala and would be less likely to use this true name for Mandos.

Changes

  • MBAN → MBA(N)D “hell” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶bad- “to judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
    • N. badh- “to judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
    • N. badhor “judge” ✧ Ety/BAD
  • ᴹ✶bād- “judgement” ✧ Ety/BAD
    • N. baudh “judgement” ✧ Ety/BAD
  • ᴹ✶mbād- “judgement, sentence” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
    • N. badhor “judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
    • N. baudh “judgement” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴹ✶mbanda “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
    • ᴹQ. manda “prison, *duress” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/BAD²
    • N. bann “duress, prison” ✧ Ety/MBAD
  • ᴹ✶mbandō “doomsman, judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
    • ᴹQ. mandos “doomsman, judge” ✧ EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴺQ. manda- “to imprison”
  • N. bann “duress, prison” ✧ EtyAC/BAD²; EtyAC/MBAD
  • ᴺS. banna- “to imprison”

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Angamanda “Iron Prison, Hells of Iron” ✧ EtyAC/ANGĀ (Angavanda); EtyAC/MBAD (Angamanda)
  • ᴹQ. Kalamando “Light Mando” ✧ Ety/KAL; Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/MAN (Kalamando)
  • ᴹQ. Mandos “(Dread) Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/GOS; Ety/MBAD; Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/MAN (Mandos); EtyAC/MBAD (Mandos)
  • ᴹQ. Morimando “Dark Mando” ✧ Ety/MBAD; Ety/MOR
  • N. Angband “Iron Prison, Hells of Iron” ✧ EtyAC/ANGĀ (Angband)
  • N. Bannos “Mandos, Dread Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/MBAD; EtyAC/MBAD (Bannos)

Variations

  • BAD ✧ Ety/BAD; Ety/MBAD
  • MBAD ✧ Ety/GOS; Ety/KAL; Ety/MANAD; Ety/MOR; EtyAC/MAN (MBAD)
  • BAD² ✧ EtyAC/ANGĀ (BAD²); EtyAC/BAD² (BAD²)
  • MBA(N)D ✧ EtyAC/MBAD (MBA(N)D)
  • MBAN ✧ EtyAC/MBAD (MBAN)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BAD; Ety/GOS; Ety/KAL; Ety/MANAD; Ety/MBAD; Ety/MOR; EtyAC/ANGĀ; EtyAC/BAD²; EtyAC/MAN; EtyAC/MBAD] Group: Eldamo. Published by