Quenya 

rácina

adjective. broken

An adjective glossed “broken” appearing in the Markirya poem of the 1960s (MC/223), apparently a passive participle of rac- “break”. A very similar plural adjective racine appeared in notes associated with Quendi and Eldar (Q&E) essay from 1959-60, an element in the term rakine tengwi for consonants without an associated vowel which Tolkien translated as “stripped or deprived signs”.

Conceptual Development: In versions of ᴱQ. Oilima Markirya poem around 1930, Tolkien used ᴱQ. rusta for “broken”, though in the same poem he translated its plural form ruste as “crumbling” (MC/214). In drafts of the 1930 poem he had ᴱQ. ranka for “broken” (PE16/77), perhaps an early manifestion of rácina. Compare also G. rag- “break asunder, burst” from the 1910s (GL/64).

Quenya [MC/222; MC/223] Group: Eldamo. Published by

racina

stripped, deprived

#racina adj. "stripped, deprived"; this adj. is only attested in the pl. (racinë ["k"]). Compare rácina under rac- above. Cf. #racina tengwë (only pl. racinë tengwi ("k") is attested) "stripped sign", "deprived sign"; in early Elvish analysis of Quenya the term for a consonant with no following vowel; the vowel was held to have disappeared or been omitted (VT39:6)

-ina

general 'passive' participle

-ina ending for what Tolkien called "general 'passive' participle" (VT43:15); compare nótina "counted", rácina "broken", hastaina "marred" (q.v.). The stem-vowel is usually lengthened when the ending is added to the stem of a primary verb (as in the two first examples above), though the lengthening fails to occur (or is not denoted) in carina as the passive participle of car- "make, do" (VT43:15).

rac-

break

rac- ("k")vb. "break", past participle rácina ("k") "broken" in Markirya

rusta

broken

rusta adj.? "broken" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")