sam (i ham, o sam), pl. saim, coll. pl. sammath
Sindarin
sam
noun. chamber, chamber, [G.] room
sam
noun. chamber
sammath
noun. chambers
sam
chamber
sam
chamber
(i ham, o sam), pl. saim, coll. pl. sammath
daur a berhael, conin en annûn
Frodo and Sam, princes of the west
sav-
verb. to have
A verb for “to have” in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959, derived from the root √SAM of the same meaning (PE17/173). It was the opposite of pen- “to lack, have not”. As such, it seems the verb sav- was not usually negated, but pen- was used instead as in penim vast “we have no bread” [= (lit.) ✱“we lack bread”] (PE17/144).
sevin
8r$5% verb. I have
v. aor. & pron. suff. I have. Q. samin. >> -n
ertha-
verb. to unite
mellon
noun. friend
mellon
noun. friend
_ n. _friend. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'.
mellon
noun. friend
ertha
unite
#ertha- (i ertha, in erthar). Isolated from the gerund #erthad (itself isolated from aderthad "reunion").
ertha
unite
(i ertha, in erthar). Isolated from the gerund #erthad (itself isolated from aderthad "reunion").
gar
have
(i ’âr, i ngerir = i ñerir) (hold, possess; be able, can); pa.t. garant. (AI:92, VT45:14)
gar
have
gar- (i **âr, i ngerir = i ñerir) (hold, possess; be able, can); pa.t. garant**. (AI:92, VT45:14)
meldis
friend
(i veldis), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldis), coll. pl. meldissath.
mellon
friend
1) (masc.) mellon (i vellon) (lover), pl. mellyn (i mellyn), coll. pl. mellonnath. Also meldir (i veldir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldir). Also seron (i heron, o seron), pl. seryn (i seryn), coll. pl. seronnath. 2) (fem.) meldis (i veldis), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldis), coll. pl. meldissath.
mellon
friend
(i vellon) (lover), pl. mellyn (i mellyn), coll. pl. mellonnath. Also meldir (i veldir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldir). Also seron (i heron, o seron), pl. seryn (i seryn), coll. pl. seronnath.
pannen
adjective. arranged, settled, done
rhûd
rockhewn hall
(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûd – the lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (dwelling underground, artificial cave, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid). (PM:365);
rond
hall with vaulted roof
(construct ron) (cave, cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath
tham
hall
tham, pl. thaim, coll. pl. thammath;
tham
hall
pl. thaim, coll. pl. thammath;
thamas
great hall
pl. themais, coll. pl. thamassath;
The word sammath “chambers” appeared in the name Sammath Naur “Chambers of Fire” for the cavernous chambers in the interior of Mount Doom (LotR/942). It appears to be the class-plural of an otherwise unattested noun ✱sam “chamber”.
Conceptual Development: Earlier forms of this word were G. tham “chamber, room” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/72) and N. tham “hall” from The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√STAB (Ety/STAB). The Gnomish word was cognate to ᴱQ. sambe “room, chamber” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√SAMA (QL/81), though the Gnomish form tham indicates the actual form of the root was (or became) ✱ᴱ√ÞAMA. Likewise the Noldorin word in the 1930s was cognate to ᴹQ. sambe “room, chamber” but with a distinct gloss = “hall” (Ety/STAB). The form sammath from the 1950s may indicate another revision of the root to √SAB or √SAM, though both of these conflict with other roots from the 1950s and 60s: √SAB “believe” (PE22/158) and √SAM “to have” (PE17/183).
Alternately, sammath could in fact be based on [N.] tham, with the initial consonant dissimilating away from the final -th, a phenomenon also seen in úthaes “temptation”. Hat-tip to Elaran for pointing this out to me.
Neo-Sindarin: I now prefer this final explanation of sammath as an abnormal class-plural of tham, and so would use tham for both “hall” and “chamber” in the singular, but would make sammath its class plural.