thosso

fear

†thosso (þossë) noun "fear" in Old Quenya (PE17:87, there spelt with the letter þ, not the digraph th)

þossë

noun. fear

Cognates

• S. thoss “fear” ✧ PE17/087

Derivations

• √THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of” ✧ PE17/087

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ÞOS > þosse	[tʰosse] > [θosse] > [sosse]	✧ PE17/087

Variations

• þosse ✧ PE17/087 (þosse)

nor-

prefix. fear

Cognates

• S. gor “horror, dread, fear” ✧ PE17/172

Derivations

• √ÑGOR “dread, terror, fear, horror” ✧ PE17/172

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ÑGOR > ñor	[ŋgor] > [ŋor] > [nor]	✧ PE17/172

Variations

• ñor ✧ PE17/172 (ñor)

ñor

fear

[ñor noun? prefix? "fear" (PE17:172)]

sussë

noun. puff (of air)

Derivations

• √THUS “evil mist, fog, darkness; blow, cause an air movement, blow, cause an air movement; [ᴹ√] *smell, stench; [√] evil mist, fog, darkness” ✧ NM/237
  • √THŪ “blow, cause an air movement, blow, cause an air movement, [ᴹ√] puff”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√thus > thussë > sussë	[tʰusse] > [θusse] > [susse]	✧ NM/237

caurë

fear

caurë _("k")_noun "fear" (LT1:257)

sossë

noun. fear

Derivations

• √THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of”

Element in

• ᴺQ. sossëa “fearful, afraid”

thos

noun. fear

_ n. _fear. O.Q. þosse. >> di'nguruthos

thos

noun. puff (of air)

Derivations

• √THUS “evil mist, fog, darkness; blow, cause an air movement, blow, cause an air movement; [ᴹ√] *smell, stench; [√] evil mist, fog, darkness” ✧ NM/237
  • √THŪ “blow, cause an air movement, blow, cause an air movement, [ᴹ√] puff”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√thus > thus > thos	[tʰusse] > [θusse] > [θosse] > [θoss]	✧ NM/237

thoss

noun. fear

Cognates

• Q. þossë “fear” ✧ PE17/087

Derivations

• √THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of” ✧ PE17/087

Element in

• S. guruthos “dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, [N.] fear of death” ✧ PE17/087
• ᴺS. thossui “fearful, afraid”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ÞOS > thos(s)	[tʰosse] > [θosse] > [θoss]	✧ PE17/087

Variations

• thos(s) ✧ PE17/087

dêl

fear

(i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl)

daedhelos

great fear

(i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for

achas

fear

(noun) 1) achas (dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i **achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais), 2) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl), 3) delos (i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 4) gôr (i ngôr = i ñor, o n**gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations. 5) niphred (pallor); pl. niphrid.

achas

fear

(dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i ’achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais)

delos

fear

(i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

gosta

fear exceedingly

(i ’osta, i ngostar = i ñostar)

gorgoroth

deadly fear

(i ngorgoroth = i ñorgoroth, o n’gorgoroth = o ngorgoroth) (terror), pl. gergeryth (in gergeryth = i ñgergeryth). Archaic pl. görgöryth. Also in shorter form gorgor (i ngorgor = i ñorgor, o n’gorgor = o ñgorgor) (extreme horror), pl. gergyr (in gergyr = i ñgergyr), coll. pl. *gorgorath*** (WJ:415). Archaic pl. ✱görgyr**.

goe

great fear

(i ’oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe = i ñoe).

gôr

fear

(i ngôr = i ñor, o n’gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations.

niphred

fear

(pallor); pl. niphrid.

thos

root. frighten, terrify; show dread of

In etymological notes from the late 1950s or early 1960s, Tolkien gave √ÞOS “frighten, terrify” as the basis for the final element of S. guruthos, along with other derivatives like OQ. þossë/S. thoss “fear” and OQ. þosta- “put to fright, terrify” (PE17/87). In other notes from this period Tolkien gave √ÞOS “show dread of”, again as the basis for the final element of S. guruthos “shadow of death” (PE17/95). In The Etymologies of the 1930s, the form N. guruthos “fear of death” appeared a marginal notes to the entry for ᴹ√GOS “dread”, indicating the final element of that word was original derived from ᴹ√GOS (EtyAC/GOS); in this instance its initial element “death” was likely N. guruth rather than S. guru.

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. sorya- “to dread, feel fear”
• Q. þorya- “to dread, feel fear” ✧ PE17/087
• ᴺQ. sossë “fear”
• Q. þossë “fear” ✧ PE17/087
• ᴺQ. sosta- “to put to fright, terrify”
• Q. þosta- “to put to fright, terrify” ✧ PE17/087
• S. thoss “fear” ✧ PE17/087

Element in

• S. guruthos “dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, dread of death, death-horror, shadow of death, [N.] fear of death” ✧ PE17/095

Variations

• ÞOS ✧ PE17/087; PE17/095; PE17/188

gosta-

verb. to fear exceedingly

del

noun. fear, disgust, loathing, horror