Wirilómë fem. name; a name of the great Spider (Ungoliant) (LT1:254)
Primitive elvish
wir
root. weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes
wir
root. weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes
Wirilómë
wirilómë
Wirilómë fem. name; a name of the great Spider (Ungoliant) (LT1:254)
wirnë
noun. change
wirnë
change
wirnë noun? "change" (PE17:191)
lialóra
adjective. cordless, wireless
vistë Reconstructed
noun. change
This word is unattested, but there is indirect evidence for it as an element of walwistë “change of mind” (PE17/189). This word likely contains the archaic form †wistë from before the change of w- to v-. Its modern form would be ✱vistë. If you accept inwist- as the stem form of inwis “change of mind”, it likely contains †wistë as well.
There is another attested word wirne with the gloss “change” (PE17/191), but I think it is likelier to be the archaic form of the strong-past tense of the verb virya- instead of a noun.
ahya-
change
#ahya- vb. "change" (intransitive), only attested in the past tense: ahyanë (PM:395)
lanya-
weave
lanya- (2) vb. "weave" (LAN)
sinya
new
sinya adj. "new" (SI)
virya-
change, alter(nate)
virya- (2) vb. "change, alter(nate)" (intransitive), pa.t. virnë/virinyë, cf. transitive vista-, q.v. (PE17:189, 191)
vista-
change
vista- (2) vb. "change" (transitive), pa.t. vistanë, cf. intransitive virya-, q.v. (PE17:189, 191)
were-
weave
were- vb. "weave" (cited as a derivative of the root WER "twine, weave" and maybe a primitive form rather than a Quenya word). (PE17:33)
winya
new, fresh, young
winya (1) adj. "new, fresh, young" _(VT45:16; though the entry including this form was struck out in the Etymologies, _vinya "new" is a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, and it is meant to represent older winya. Compare winyamo, q.v.)
wistë
noun. change
thlê
noun. fine thread, spider filament
A noun appearing as N. thlê “fine thread, spider filament” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶(s)ligā under the root ᴹ√SLIG having to do with spider words (Ety/SLIG).
Conceptual Development: A possible precursor is G. lind “twine” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/54), apparently based on the early root ᴱ√LI+ya “unite many as one” (QL/53).
Neo-Sindarin: In Tolkien’s later writings, √ungu- became the basis for spider words, but I retain ᴹ√SLIG assuming it has to do with threads and twining to salvage words from the 1910s and 30s. Most Neo-Sindarin writers adapt this word as ᴺS. lhê “fine thread, spider filament”, for example as suggested by Hiswelókë’s Sindarin Dictionary (HSD), because in (Old) Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s initial sl- became lh-, as opposed to (Old) Noldorin of the 1930s where it became thl-.
eden
adjective. new, begun again
sein
adjective. new
sein
adjective. new
ungoliant
feminine name. Gloomweaver
cîr
adjective. renewed
cýr
adjective. renewed
gwain
adjective. new
sain
adjective. new
cîl
renewal
(i gîl; no distinct pl. form except with article: i chîl) (VT48:8)
cîr
renewed
clashes with the word for ”ship”.s
cîw
new
(lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (fresh)
cýron
new moon
(i gýron), pl. cýroen (i chýroen). Archaic ✱cýraun, spelt cýrawn in the source (VT48:7).
eden
new
(begun again), pl. edin
gwain
new
1) #gwain (gwin-), lenited wain, pl. gwîn. Isolated from the month-name Narwain, ”new sun” (where #gwain appears in lenited form). The form gwîn ”young” listed in VT46:22 would have to be taken as a pl. form, if it is to be the cognate of Quenya vinya. 2) cîw (lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (fresh), 3) eden (begun again), pl. edin; 4) sain (sin-), lenited hain; pl. sîn;
gwain
new
(gwin-), lenited ’wain, pl. gwîn. Isolated from the month-name Narwain, ”new sun” (where #gwain appears in lenited form). The form gwîn ”young” listed in VT46:22 would have to be taken as a pl. form, if it is to be the cognate of Quenya vinya.
gwist
noun. change
lhê
noun. fine thread, spider filament
sain
adjective. new
sain
new
(sin-), lenited hain; pl. sîn
siniath
news
(tidings) (i siniath).
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
wir
root. new, fresh, young
win
root. new, fresh, young
ligā
noun. fine thread, spider filament
lan
root. weave
wiruin
place name. Wiruin
A whirlpool within Helkarakse in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/167), perhaps derived from the root ᴱ√GWIÐI, as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Gwerlum).
wirilóme
feminine name. Gloomweaver
Another name for Ungweliante (S. Ungoliant) in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/152), a combination of some form of the root ᴱ√GWIÐI having to do with weaving and lóme “gloom”, as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Gwerlum).
varta
noun. change
wiri
root. *look
kanga
root. weave
gwirn
adjective. unwished for, unwelcome
gwerlum
feminine name. Gloomweaver
bart
noun. change
elt
noun. change
lia
noun. fine thread, spider filament, fine thread, spider filament; [ᴱQ.] twine, *wire
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “fine thread, spider filament” and derived from ᴹ✶ligā under the root ᴹ√SLIG having to do with spider words (Ety/SLIG).
Conceptual Development: The word ᴱQ. lia “twine” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√LI+ya “unite many as one” with derivatives having to do with threads and vines (QL/53).
Neo-Quenya: In Tolkien’s later writings, √ungu- became the basis for spider words, but I retain ᴹ√SLIG assuming it has to do with threads and twining to salvage words from the 1910s and 30s. As such I’d use lia for threads and cords that are relatively thin compared to other items of their class, especially those crafted by twining: “fine thread”, a “twine” as a thin cord and by extension things like a “✱wire”.
sinya
adjective. new, new, *current
ungoliante
feminine name. Gloomweaver
ungoliont
feminine name. Gloomweaver
Tolkien used a variety of similar roots for Elvish words having to do with “weaving”, many of them tied to the name of Q. Vairë. The earliest of these was a pair of roots ᴱ√GWERE “whirl, twirl, twist” and unglossed {ᴱ√WIÐI >>} ᴱ√GWIÐI in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, the latter with derivatives like ᴱQ. ’winda “woof” and ᴱQ. ’windele “loom” (QL/103-104). The connection between ᴱ√GWERE and weaving is more obvious in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon where Tolkien said that ✶gwer- “wind, turn, bend” was often used as “plait or weave”, much like ✶gwidh- (GL/46). The most notable weaving word derived from 1910s ✶gwer- was G. Gwerlum “Gloomweaver” (GL/46).
Nothing of this blended paradigm remained in The Etymologies of the 1930s, where Tolkien instead had ᴹ√WEY “wind, weave” as the basis for ᴹQ. Vaire/N. Gwîr “Weaver”, and in this document the root was blended with ᴹ√WAY “enfold” in Quenya because wei > wai (Ety/WEY). Tolkien seems to have abandoned this phonetic rule by the time he wrote his Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957, where he instead said:
> Owing to the use of gwae / gwaew “wind” as in Gwaehir, we must have √WAYA = blow, or be disturbed. √WAYA cannot therefore be used = “weave”, and Vairë has no connexion with winds or stories. EITHER Vairë must become name of Osse’s wife: Q váya is used of sea (as waters, motion). OR Vairë’s name be changed: sc. to Vérë, √WER- “twine, weave”, were-, weave (PE17/33).
Ultimately Tolkien made neither of these changes to Vairë, and this section was rejected. In a set of roots from December 1959 (D59) Tolkien said “√WIRI, weave; hence Vaire (literally ‘weaving’), not from WAY” (PE17/191). The name Q. Vairë “Ever-weaving” was also derived from √WIR in notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 (VT39/10). However, in notes from the late 1960s Tolkien said “weaving with cross-threads or withes was represented by the distinct base {WAY >>} WIG, often in strengthened form waig-” (VT42/10 and VT42/29 note #27). So it seems Tolkien continued to vacillate on the weaving roots.
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think the 1959-60 root form √WIR lets us salvage the largest number of words, and it is not clear how Vairë would be derived from late-60s waig-.