reþe

root. aid, support

A root given as ᴱ√RESE “aid, support” (gloss marked with a “?”) in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, but Tolkien later decided that it was confused with another root ᴱ√reðe which seemed to do with kinship (QL/79). After this change, forms derived from ᴱ√RESE “aid” probably still included ᴱQ. resta in the sense “support”, as well as ᴱQ. resta- “aid, come to aid of, rescue, save”. In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien has a similar set of words likewise derived from distinct reth- vs. redh- (GL/65), indicating the true form of ᴱ√RESE was probably ᴱ√REÞE, since þ became s in Qenya. As Gnomish derivatives of reth- Tolkien initially gave G. rest, G. resta-, G. reth- (GL/65), but these were deleted leaving only G. grest “succour, salvation”, G. gresta- “aid, help, succour, support”, and G. gretha- “save, rescue, preserve” (GL/42).

It is possible the root ᴱ√REÞE reemerged as √REK “recover, get out/away, save from ruin/peril/loss” given in Tolkien’s later writings as the basis for S. edraith “rescue, saving” (PE17/38).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin I think it is worth positing a (Sindarin only) Neo-Root ᴺ√(G)RETH to salvage some of these Gnomish words.

Derivatives

• ᴱ✶res-rŭ “kinsman, cousin” ✧ QL/079
  • Eq. rendo “kinsman, cousin” ✧ QL/079
• Eq. resta- “to aid, come to aid of, rescue, save” ✧ QL/079
• Eq. rendi “*kinship, kin, kindred, clan” ✧ QL/079
• Eq. resse “kinswoman, cousin” ✧ QL/079
• Eq. resta “support; kinship, kin, kindred, clan” ✧ QL/079
• G. grest “succour, salvation”
• G. rest “aid, support, help” ✧ GL/65
• G. gresta- “to aid, help, succour, support”
• G. resta- “to support, to aid” ✧ GL/65
• G. gretha- “to save, rescue, preserve”
• G. reth- “to save, rescue, preserve” ✧ GL/65

Variations

• reth- ✧ GL/65
• RESE ✧ QL/079

rese

root. aid, support