aiya-

interjection. aiya-

aika

adjective. aika

aikos-sa

noun. aikos-sa

aith-k

noun. aith-k

aikwa

adjective. high, steep

aik(w)- Reconstructed

root. AIK(W)-

ai-idh

noun. nest

reþe

root. aid, support

A root given as ᴱ√RESE “aid, support” (gloss marked with a “?”) in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, but Tolkien later decided that it was confused with another root ᴱ√reðe which seemed to do with kinship (QL/79). After this change, forms derived from ᴱ√RESE “aid” probably still included ᴱQ. resta in the sense “support”, as well as ᴱQ. resta- “aid, come to aid of, rescue, save”. In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien has a similar set of words likewise derived from distinct reth- vs. redh- (GL/65), indicating the true form of ᴱ√RESE was probably ᴱ√REÞE, since þ became s in Qenya. As Gnomish derivatives of reth- Tolkien initially gave G. rest, G. resta-, G. reth- (GL/65), but these were deleted leaving only G. grest “succour, salvation”, G. gresta- “aid, help, succour, support”, and G. gretha- “save, rescue, preserve” (GL/42).

It is possible the root ᴱ√REÞE reemerged as √REK “recover, get out/away, save from ruin/peril/loss” given in Tolkien’s later writings as the basis for S. edraith “rescue, saving” (PE17/38).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin I think it is worth positing a (Sindarin only) Neo-Root ᴺ√(G)RETH to salvage some of these Gnomish words.

suhyu

root. air, breath, exhale, puff

rese

root. aid, support

meke

root. *centre; aim

An unglossed root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. mekta “center”, ᴱQ. mekte- “aim at”, ᴱQ. meqa “middle”, and ᴱQ. met (mekt-) “mark, aim, object” (QL/60). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon it had derivatives like G. mectha “goal, intention” and G. mectha- “aim at; intend, mean” (GL/57). Words for “middle” were derived from √ENED in Tolkien’s later writings, but I think it is worth retaining a Neo-Eldarin root ᴺ√MEK “aim” to salvage other early “aim” and “goal” words derived from this root.

nṝgwé

noun. pain

vili

root. *air

bili

root. *air

aya

root. AYA

aya

root. honour, revere

ekta

noun. thorn

ini

root. small

tala

root. support

aya(la) Speculative

root. lake

-yǝ

suffix. [unglossed]

alchwa

noun. swan

aı̯·ind

noun. birds nest

kar-

verb. to make

kı̯-ā

adverb. now

lepse

?. [unglossed]

lopse

?. [unglossed]

saw̯a

root. [unglossed]

An unglossed root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/82), which may have reemerged as √SAWA “disgusting, foul, vile” in notes from the 1950s (PE17/172, 183).

sivi

root. [unglossed]

Unglossed roots in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with variants ᴱ√SIVI and ᴱ√SIWI and a single unglossed derivative ᴱQ. sivilda (QL/84). It is difficult to guess what Tolkien intended for these forms to mean, though they conceivably reemerged as the later roots ᴹ√SIW “excite, egg on, urge” (Ety/SIW) or √SIB “rest, quiet” (VT44/35).

teled-

noun. [unglossed]

tołᵂo

root. [unglossed]

An unglossed root in The Qenya Phonology of the 1910s illustrating a hypothetical series of ancient lateral approximants, with derived roots like ᴱ√TOLO and ᴱ√TOẆO [with ẇ = ɣʷ] (PE12/16). The former appeared in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon as the basis for island words (QL/94), but the latter appeared nowhere else in Early Qenya writings.

toẇo

root. [unglossed]

tyulu

root. tall

tḷkḷ

root. [unglossed]

ŋolo

root. to know

dala Reconstructed

root. support