[aira (4) adj. "eternal" (EY, VT45:13). Changed by Tolkien to oira.]
Quenya
aira
old
aira
eternal
aira
holy
aira (2) adj. "holy"; see airë #1
aira
red, copper-coloured, ruddy
aira (1) adj. "red, copper-coloured, ruddy" (GAY)
aira
adjective. holy, sanctified, holy, sanctified, [ᴱQ.] worshipful
Cognates
- S. aer “*hallowed, holy”
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. airasëa “hyssop”
- Q. na airë esselya “hallowed be thy name” ✧ VT43/14
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √AYA > airă [ajra] > [aira] ✧ PE17/027 √GAYA > aira [gajra] > [gaira] > [ɣaira] > [aira] ✧ PM/363 Variations
- airă ✧ PE17/027
airëa
holy
airëa adj. "holy"; see airë.
aina
holy
aina (2) adj "holy" (AYAN), derived from Ainu. Adopted and adapted from Valarin. According to VT43:32, the word is "obsolete, except in Ainur", apparently suggesting that airë or airëa (q.v.) was the normal term for "holy" in later Quenya. However, Tolkien repeatedly used aina in his translation of the Litany of Loreto: Aina Fairë "Holy Spirit", Aina Neldië "Holy Trinity", Aina Maria "Holy Mary", Aina Wendë "Holy Virgin". He also used Aina Eruontari for "holy Mother" in his rendering of the Sub Tuum Praesidium(WJ:399, FS, SA, VT43:32, VT44:5, 12, 17-18)
airë
holy
airë (1) adj. "holy", #Airefëa "the Holy Spirit" (VT43:37, dative airefëan on the previous page), airetári or Airë Tári "holy queen" (a title of Varda, PM:363), genitive aire-tário "holy-queen's" (Nam, RGEO:67). However, according to PM:363, airë is the noun "sanctity", while aira is the adjective "holy". VT43:14 refers to an etymological note of "Sept.-Oct. 1957" where airë is said to be a noun "sanctity, holiness", and the adjective "holy" is given as airëa. However, the verb #airita- "hallow" seems to be formed from an adjective airë, airi- "holy". Evidently airë can function as both adjective ("holy") and noun ("holiness"); if so airë as adj. could represent a primitive adjective gaisi, whereas airë as noun may descend from gaisē. The former but not the latter would have the stem airi- (as observed in the derived verb #airita-), and compounds like airetári (rather than *airitári) would seem to contain properly the noun "holiness".
oira
eternal
oira adj. "eternal" (OY)
íra
eternal
[íra adj. "eternal" (GEY, VT45:13; changed by Tolkien to oira, see OY)]
aista
holy
aista (1) adj. "holy" (VT43:37)
írë
eternal
[írë] (3) noun "eternal" (read "eternity", as suggested by Christopher Tolkien, but the word was in any case changed to oirë)(GEY, VT45:13)
carnë
red
carnë adj. "red", "scarlet, red" (SA:caran, PE17:154, MC:214, KARÁN - spelt with a k in the two latter sources), not to be confused with the past tense of car- "do, make". Stem carni- as in Carnimírië, Carnistir.
nasar
red
nasar adj. "red" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)
yerna
old, worn
yerna adj. "old, worn" (GYER)
enwina
old
enwina adj. "old" (Markirya)
enwina
adjective. old
Element in
- Q. enwina lúmë “the old darkness” ✧ MC/222
oialëa
eternal
oialëa adj. "eternal" (PE17:59)
oialëa
adjective. eternal
Elements
Word Gloss oialë “forever; everlastingly, eternally, in eternity, forever; everlastingly, eternally, in eternity; [ᴹQ.] everlasting age” -a “adjectival suffix”
carne (carni-)
adjective. red
linyenwa
old, having many years
linyenwa adj. "old, having many years" (YEN)
aira (3) adj. "old" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")