A wasteland north-east of Valinor (S/80), this name is a compound of ar- “outside” and Aman. If Aman is considered to be the entire continent, Araman is still within that land, so “✱Beside Aman” is another possible interpretation, albeit not one that Tolkien used.
Conceptual Development: In most of the earlier stories, this region was called Eruman, first as ᴱQ. Eruman or Erumáni “beyond the abode of the Mánir” in earliest Lost Tales (LT1/91), then as ᴹQ. Eruman in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/260, LR/236). In The Etymologies, it was derived from erume “desert” (Ety/ERE). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, Tolkien changed Eruman >> Araman (MR/123), perhaps because he decided that Eru was another name for God.
Araman place-name "outside Aman", name of a region (SA:ar, mān)