caraxë

jagged hedge of spikes

caraxë ("k, ks")noun "jagged hedge of spikes"; compare Helcaraxë (KARAK)

caraxë

noun. *jagged hedge of spikes, [ᴹQ.] jagged hedge of spikes, [ᴱQ.] row of spikes or teeth

A word for a “jagged hedge of spikes” (Ety/KARAK), most notably used as an element in the name Helcaraxë, loosely translated as “Grinding Ice” (S/134; Ety/KARAK).

Conceptual Development: A similar form ᴱQ. karkasse or karkaras (karkarass-) “row of spikes or teeth” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as an elaboration of ᴱQ. karka “fang, tooth” (QL/48), and ᴱQ. karkasse “row of teeth” appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/48). ᴹQ. karakse “jagged hedge of spikes” emerged in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√KARAK “sharp fang, spike, tooth” (Ety/KARAK).

Cognates

• Nan. caras “a moated fort” ✧ NM/351

Derivations

• √KARAK “*sharp fang, spike, tooth, [ᴹ√] sharp fang, spike, tooth”

Element in

• Q. Helcaraxë “Grinding Ice” ✧ S/134

tildë

spike, horn

tildë noun "spike, horn" _(TIL; in the Etymologies as printed in LR, the first gloss is quoted as "point", but according to VT46:19, the proper reading is "spike")_

tinda

spike

tinda (2) noun "spike" (LT1:258; probably obsoleted by # 1 above)

cai

noun. hedge

cai

noun. hedge

Cognates

• Q. cëa “*hedge” ✧ PE17/101

Derivations

• √KAY “lie, lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; [ᴱ√] rest, dwell” ✧ PE17/101
• ✶kegyā “hedge” ✧ UT/282
  • ✶KEG “snag, barb” ✧ UT/282

Element in

• S. Morgai “Black Fence” ✧ PE17/101; UT/282

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√KAYA > gai	[kaja] > [kaia] > [kai]	✧ PE17/101
✶kegyā > cai	[kegjā] > [kegja] > [keɣja] > [keɣia] > [keɣi] > [keiɣ] > [kei] > [kai]	✧ UT/282

caraes

hedge of spikes

(i garaes, o charaes). No distinct pl. form except with article (i charaes).

caraes

hedge of spikes

caraes (i garaes, o charaes). No distinct pl. form except with article (i charaes).

caraes

hedge of spikes

caraes (i garaes, o charaes). No distinct pl. form except with article (i charaes).

carag

spike

1) carag (i garag, o charag) (tooth of rock), pl. ceraig (i cheraig). 2) ceber (i geber, o cheber) (stake, stone ridge), pl. cebir (i chebir). A lenited pl. form occurs in the name Sarn Gebir. 3) till (i dill, o thill, construct til; also -dil, -thil at the end of compounds) (spike, tine, point, sharp horn, sharp-pointed peak), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thill). Archaic †tild.

carag

spike

(i** garag, o charag) (tooth of rock), pl. ceraig (i** cheraig).

cai

hedge

cai (i gai, o chai), pl. cî (i chî);

cai

hedge

(i gai, o chai), pl. cî (i chî);

ceber

spike

(i** geber, o cheber) (stake, stone ridge), pl. **cebir (i** chebir). A lenited pl. form occurs in the name Sarn** Gebir.

till

spike

(i** dill, o thill, construct til; also -dil, -thil at the end of compounds) (spike, tine, point, sharp horn, sharp-pointed peak), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thill). Archaic †tild.

zirak

noun. spike

Changes

• zirak → Zirak “silver colour” ✧ PE17/036
• Zirik → Zirak ✧ TI/174

Element in

• Kh. Gamil Zirak
• Kh. Zirakzigil “Silvertine, Silver-spike” ✧ LotRI/Zirakzigil; PE17/035; PE17/036; TI/174
• Kh. Zirakinbar “Silverhorn”

Variations

• Zirak ✧ LotRI/Zirakzigil; PE17/035; PE17/036; PE17/036; TI/174
• Zirik ✧ TI/174

kegyā

noun. hedge

Derivations

• ✶KEG “snag, barb” ✧ UT/282

Derivatives

• S. cai “hedge” ✧ UT/282

caraes

noun. jagged hedge of spikes

caraes

noun. *jagged hedge of spikes

Cognates

• ᴹQ. karakse “jagged hedge of spikes” ✧ Ety/KARAK

Derivations

• ᴹ√KARAK “sharp fang, spike, tooth” ✧ Ety/KARAK

Element in

• N. Helcharaes ✧ Ety/KARAK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KÁRAK > charaes	[karakse] > [karaksa] > [karaxsa] > [karaisa] > [karais] > [karaes]	✧ Ety/KARAK

carag

noun. spike, tooth of rock