Nauco ("k")noun "Dwarf" (capitalized in WJ:388, but not in Etym, stem NAUK). Naucalië (not *Naucolië) the "Dwarf-people" as a whole. Nauco is a personalized form of the adjective nauca "stunted" (itself sometimes used as a noun "dwarf"); pl. naucor (PE17:45). See also Picinaucor.
Quenya
Casar
dwarf
casar
noun. Dwarf
Cognates
Derivations
- Kh. Khuzd “Dwarf” ✧ PE17/045; WJ/387
Element in
- Q. Casallië “*Dwarf-folk” ✧ WJ/388; WJI/Kasari
- Q. Casarrondo “Dwarrowvault” ✧ WJI/Kasari
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources Kh. khazād > kazār [kazād] > [kazāð] > [kasāð] > [kasað] > [kasar] ✧ PE17/045 Q. kazār > casar [kazār] > [kasar] ✧ PE17/045 Kh. Khazād > Kasar [kazād] > [kazāð] > [kasāð] > [kasað] > [kasar] ✧ WJ/387 Variations
- kazār ✧ PE17/045 (kazār)
- casar ✧ PE17/045
- Kasar ✧ WJ/388; WJI/Kasari
Nauco
dwarf
Naucon
dwarf
Naucon (Naucond-, as in the pl. Naucondi) noun "dwarf", variant of Nauco (PE17:45; not capitalized in the source)
nauco
noun. dwarf
Cognates
Element in
- Q. Pitya-naucor “Petty-dwarves” ✧ WJ/388
Variations
- nauko ✧ PE17/045
- naukon ✧ PE17/045
- Nauko ✧ WJ/388; WJI/Nauko
naucon
noun. Dwarf
norno
dwarf
Norno (2) noun "dwarf"; a personalized form of the adjective norna(WJ:413); Nornalië (not *Nornolië) the "Dwarf-people" as a whole (WJ:388)
norno
noun. Dwarf
A word for a Dwarf (WJ/388), a personalized form of the adjective norna “stiff, tough” (WJ/413), patterned after S. dorn.
Cognates
- S. dorn “tough, stiff, thrawn, obdurate” ✧ WJ/388
Element in
- Q. Nornalië “People of the Dwarves” ✧ WJI/Norno
-li
the elves
-li partitive pl. ending (simply called a plural suffix in the Etymologies, stem LI). The ending is used to indicate a plural that is neither generic (e.g. Eldar "the Elves" as a race) nor definite (preceded by article); hence Eldali is used for "some Elves" (a particular group of Elves, when they are first mentioned in a narrative, VT49:8). Sometimes Tolkien also lets -li imply a great number; in PE17:129, the form falmalinnar from _Namárië _is broken down as falma-li-nnar "foam wave-many-towards-pl. ending", and falmali by itself Tolkien translated "many waves" (PE17:73). A distinct accusative in -lī seems to occur in the phrase an i falmalī (PE17:127, apparently meaning the same as i falmalinnar, but replacing the allative ending with a preposition). Genitive -lion in vanimálion, malinornélion (q.v. for reference), allative -linna and -linnar in falmalinnar, q.v. The endings for other cases are only known from the Plotz letter: possessive -líva, dative -lin, locative -lissë or -lissen, ablative -lillo or -lillon, instrumental -línen, "short locative" -lis. When the noun ends in a consonant, r and n is assimilated before l, e.g. Casalli as the partitive pl. of Casar "Dwarf" (WJ:402), or elelli as the partitive pl. of elen "star" (PE17:127). It is unclear whether the same happens in monosyllabic words, or whether a connecting vowel would be slipped in before -li (e.g. ?queneli or ?quelli as the partitive pl. of quén, quen- "person").
Casar ("k")noun "Dwarf", pl. Casari or Casári, partitive plural Casalli. Adapted from Dwarvish Khazâd. Casarrondo place-name "Khazad-dûm", Moria (WJ:388, 389; pl. Casári also in WJ:402)