Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

go-

prefix. son of

Gnomish [GL/40; GL/41; LT2/051; LT2/119; LT2A/go; LT2I/go-] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gon-

prefix. son of

go-feanor

Son of Fëanor

Gnomish [LT1I/go-Fëanor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

go-maidros

Son of Maidros

Gnomish [LT1I/go-Fëanor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gomintha

adverb. together

An adverb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, a combination of G. go- “together” and G. mintha “in one place” (GL/41).

bruithwir

masculine name. Bruithwir

Gnomish [LT1/155; LT1I/Bruithwir] Group: Eldamo. Published by

canga-

verb. to tangle

A verb appearing as G. canga- “to tangle” in the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/25), probably based on the early root ᴱ√KANGA or ᴱ√KAŊA “weave, twine” (QL/45, 98). Elsewhere in GL Tolkien had the similar and probably related intransitive verb cinga- or cangi- “to go wrong, get tangled”.

Neo-Sindarin: I would retain the verb ᴺS. canga- for purposes of Neo-Sindarin based on a Neo-Root ᴺ√KANGA “✱tangle”, incorporating the meanings of both transitive “tangle” and intransitive “get tangled, [by extension] go wrong”.

cinga-

verb. to go wrong, get tangled

duil

noun. swallow

failtha-

verb. go pale

gwintha-

verb. to face

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as {gwinta- >>} gwintha- “to face” based on the noun G. gwint “face” (GL/46).

hai

interjection. go!, hence, begone, away

mútha-

verb. to depart, go, leave; (c. gen.) to leave the place of or time of speaker; to go forward

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with various glosses: “depart, go, leave”, “c. gen. leave the place of, time of, speaker”, and “go forward” (GL/58). Below it Tolkien wrote another word G. mu whose gloss may be “flow” or “from” according to the editors. This mu may be the basis of the verb mútha-, especially if mu means “from”.

raina-

verb. to return

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as raina- “return” or rinta- (GL/64), probably based on the early root ᴱ√RINI having to do with circles (QL/80).

tath-

verb. to count

a

preposition. from

Gnomish [GG/11; GL/17; PE13/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

antha-

verb. to give

Gnomish [GG/11; GL/19] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bo-

prefix. son of

Gnomish [GL/23; LT2/051; LT2/119; LT2A/bo; LT2A/Dhrauthodavros] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bon-

prefix. son of

cangi-

verb. to go wrong, get tangled

culu

noun. gold

Gnomish [GG/14; GL/26; GL/27; GL/38; LT1A/Ilsaluntë; LT1A/Kulullin; LT2A/Glingol; PE15/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

drauthodavros

masculine name. Weary Forest

Gnomish [LT2/089; LT2A/Dhrauthodavros; LT2I/Dhrauthodavros; LT2I/Rúsitaurion] Group: Eldamo. Published by

duilin

masculine name. Swallow

Gnomish [LBI/Duilin; LBI/Fuilin; LT2/203; LT2A/Duilin; LT2I/bo-Dhuilin; LT2I/Dhuilon; LT2I/Duilin; PE13/104; PE15/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

duilin(g)

noun. swallow

Gnomish [GL/23; GL/31; GL/39; GL/54; LT2A/Duilin; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

duilinc

noun. swallow

fegrin

adjective. free

An Gnomish adjective for “free” mentioned in passing in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√FAẎA (QL/37). It did not appear in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon.

glindwil

noun. swallow

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s for the bird “swallow” with variants glindwil and lindwil, a combination of G. glin “sound” and the suffixal form -wil of G. bil bird (GL/39, 54).

Gnomish [GL/31; GL/39; GL/54] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glôr

noun. gold

Gnomish [GG/12; GL/40; LT1A/Glorvent; LT1A/Laurelin; LT2A/Glingol; LT2A/Glorfalc; PE15/22; PE15/25; QL/051] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwint

noun. face

A noun for “face” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, related to the verb G. gwinta- “to see” (GL/46); see that entry for possible etymologies.

Gnomish [GL/46; GL/65; LT1A/Ilwë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mai

adverb. well

Gnomish [GL/20; GL/52; GL/56] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mawr

adjective. good

mora

adjective. good

Gnomish [GG/10; GG/15; GG/16; GL/17; GL/56; GL/57; PE13/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

o

preposition. from

rinta-

verb. to return

usfeg-

verb. to release

An Gnomish verb (or noun?) for “release” mentioned in passing in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√FAẎA (QL/37). It did not appear in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon.