hosta-

verb. to gather (hastily together), collect, assemble, pile up

This was the Quenya verb for “gather” for most of Tolkien’s life. It appeared in notes associated with the Markirya poem from the 1960s with the glosses “gather, collect, assemble” (MC/223). It also appeared in Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s with the glosses “gather hastily together, pile up” and derived from √KHOT “gather, together in confusion, jumble” (PE17/39). ᴹQ. hosta- “to collect” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√KHOTH “gather” (Ety/KHOTH). ᴱQ. hosta- appeared in the Qenya Verb Forms of the 1910s as the basis for ᴱQ. hostalka “able to gather” (PE14/33-34).

hosta-

verb. gather, collect, assemble

hosta- vb. "gather, collect, assemble" (Markirya), "gather hastily together, pile up" (PE17:39), hostainiéva "will be gathered", future tense of the stative verb *hostainië*, derived from hostaina "gathered", past participle of hosta- "gather". Such stative verbs are probably not conceptually valid in Tolkien's later Quenya; see -ië**. (FS)

hosta

large number

hosta noun "large number", verb hosta- "to collect" (KHOTH)

man cenuva lumbor ahosta?

Who shall see the clouds gather?

The twenty-third line of the Markirya poem (MC/222). The first word is man “who” followed the future tense of cen- “to see”. The object of the phrase is the subordinate clause lumbor ahosta “clouds gather”, with the plural of the noun lumbo “[dark] cloud” followed by the infinitive of the verb hosta- “to gather”. The prefix a- in ahosta marks the infinitive as an object of the primary verb “see” rather than its subject.

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> man cen-uva lumbo-r a-hosta = “✱who see-(future) cloud-(plural) (object)-gather”

Conceptual Development: In the first draft, Tolkien used na- for the object-prefix, which he retained initially in the second draft before changing it to a- (MC/222).

comya-

verb. gather, assemble

comya- ("k")vb. "gather, assemble" (transitive)(PE17:158)

comya-

verb. to collect

A transitive verb in notes from around 1959-60 based on √KOM “gather, collect”, as opposed to intransitive ócom- “gather, assemble” (PE17/158). In a rejected section of the notes where it appeared, komya- was glossed “collect” along a weak past komyane and a deleted variant conta- (PE17/157).

hos

folk

hos noun "folk" (LT2:340)

sanganë

gather

sanganë vb.? "gather" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")

ócom-

verb. gather, assemble

#ócom- vb. "gather, assemble" (intransitive)(PE17:157, 158). Cited in the form ócomë "gathers, assembles", evidently an endingless aorist. Perfect ócómië given.