kathuphazgân

noun. conqueror

A noun translated “conqueror” (SD/429), apparently a compound whose first element seems to be the objective form of katha “all”. The final element is likely the agental suffix -ân also attested in magân and sapthân. If so, the middle element is probably a verb, perhaps a triconsonantal verb ✱phazag-, though it could be a derived verb ✱phazgâ-.

ar-pharazônun kathuphazgân

King Ar-Pharazon is (was) a Conqueror

A phrase given by Tolkien as an example of how the subjective case can be used to represent the verb “to be” (SD/429). Since the first noun the subject, the second noun is the predicate and the verb “is” is implied. Depending on context, the sentenced could refer to the past so that the subjective would represent “was” instead. This sentence is contrasted with Ar-Pharazôn kathuphazgânun, where the second noun is inflected in the subjective instead, so that the entire noun phrase would be the subject: “King Ar-Pharazon the Conqueror...”.