maetha-

verb. to handle, wield, use, manage, treat, deal with

A verb whose original sense seems to be “handle”, based on the root √MAH or √MAƷ for “hand”. It was variously glossed “to handle” (PE17/69), “to handle, treat, manage” (PE17/161), “use, wield” (PE17/162), and “handle, wield, manage, deal with” (VT47/6). It thus seems to be usable for both “handle, wield, use” a concrete physical item and “handle, manage, deal with” an abstract process or situation.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien had G. maitha- “rule, govern, wield control, hold” (GL/56), probably based on the early root ᴱ√MAHA “grasp” that was the basis for “hand” words in the 1910s (QL/57). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, ᴱN. maitha- came to mean “to ravish”, cognate to ᴱQ. mapta- and thus based on ᴱ√MAPA “seize” (PE13/149, 163). In The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. maetha- was glossed “to fight” under the root ᴹ√MAK “sword; fight with sword” (Ety/MAK), itself a later iteration of G. mactha- “slay, kill” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s based on the early root ᴱ√MAKA “slay” (GL/55).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use maetha- for both “handle” and “fight” as a blending of √MAH and √MAK.

maetha-

verb. to handle

v. to handle. Q. mahta-.

maetha-

verb. to handle

_ v. _to handle, treat, manage, etc. Q. mahta-. >> maeth

maetha-

verb. use

_ v. _use, wield. Q. mahta-. >> maw

maetha-

verb. to handle, wield, manage, deal with

maetha

fight

(verb) maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar). A later source defines maetha- as ”handle, wield, manage, deal with” (VT47:6)

maetha

manage

maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, wield, deal with). In earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

maetha

deal with

maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, wield, manage). In earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

maetha

fight

(i vaetha, i maethar). A later source defines maetha- as ”handle, wield, manage, deal with” (VT47:6)

maetha

handle

(i vaetha, i maethar) (wield, manage, deal with). In Tolkien’s earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

maetha

wield

(i** vaetha, i** maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkien’s earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

maetha

manage

(i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, wield, deal with). In earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

maeth

fight

(noun) (of two or a few, not a general host) maeth (i vaeth) (battle), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth)

matha

wield

1) matha- (i vatha, i mathar) (stroke, feel, handle), 2) maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkiens earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”. 3) tortha- (i dortha, i thorthar) (control)

maeth

fight

(i vaeth) (battle), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth)

matha

handle

(i vatha, i mathar) (stroke, feel; wield)

matha

wield

(i** vatha, i** mathar) (stroke, feel, handle)

iuith

use

(noun) iuith (no distinct pl. form). LONG IN USE, see brûn under .

iuitha

use

(verb) iuitha- (i iuitha, in iuithar)

brûn

long in use

under

iuith

use

(no distinct pl. form).

iuitha

use

(i iuitha, in iuithar)

tortha

wield

(i** dortha, i** thorthar) (control)

maetha-

verb. to fight

maetha-

verb. to fight

iuith

noun. use

iuith

noun. use

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “use” under the root ᴹ√YUK “employ, use” (Ety/YUK).

tortha-

verb. to wield, control

mahta-

verb. handle

handle, deal with, manage, wield, treat

tur-

verb. wield, control, govern

tur- vb. "wield, control, govern" (1st pers. aorist turin "I wield" etc.), pa.t. turnë (TUR). The verb is elsewhere defined "master, conquer, win" (PE17:115), virtually the same meanings are elsewhere assigned to turu- #1, q.v.