Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

maul

noun. the lowing of cattle, bellowing

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “the lowing of cattle, bellowing” (GL/57), probably cognate to ᴱQ. maule “crying, weeping” from the early root ᴱ√MAWA “cry, bleat” (QL/60).

Cognates

  • Eq. maule “crying, weeping”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MAWA “‽cry, bleat”

famfa-

verb. to maul

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon given as {fampa- >>} famfa- “maul”, an elaboration of G. famp “feeling, stroking” (GL/33).

Changes

  • fampa- → famfa- ✧ GL/33

Variations

  • fampa- ✧ GL/33 (fampa-)

mail

noun. flour

A noun appearing as G. mail “flour” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, derived from the early root ᴱ√MILI which had to do with “seed” words (GL/56; QL/61). This word seems to be the result of a-fortification: the insertion of an a in ancient word forms. Tolkien marked the word with a “?” indicating he was uncertain of it.

Neo-Sindarin: I would adapt this word as ᴺS. maul “flour” using a-fortification of the (hypothetical) root √MUL that seems to be the basis for Q. mulë “meal” from the 1960s.

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MILI “*seed” ✧ GL/56