latta

hole, pit

latta (1) noun "hole, pit" (DAT/DANT, VT45:8)

samna

noun. delved hole, pit

Derivations

• ✶sapnā “delved hole, pit” ✧ PE19/086
  • √SAP “*dig” ✧ PE19/086

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶sapnā > samna	[sapnā] > [sabnā] > [samnā] > [samna]	✧ PE19/086

cilya

chasm

cilya noun "chasm", allative cilyanna ("k") "in-Chasm" (sc. "into [the] chasm") _(LR:47, 56). _In MR:471, cilya is defined as "cleft, gorge". Spelt kilya in Etym, there defined as "cleft, pass between hills, gorge" (KIL)

assa

hole, perforation, opening, mouth

assa "hole, perforation, opening, mouth" (GAS)

ecca

hole

ecca ("k")noun "hole", apparently associated with Sindarin torech "secret hole, lair" (PE17:188)

unquë

hole, hollow

unquë noun "hole, hollow" (VT46:20, UNUK), also name of tengwa #16 _(Appendix E; there spelt unque, while the Etymologies has unqe)_

sapta

noun. (delved) hole, pit; [ᴱQ.] grave

Derivations

• ✶sapnā “delved hole, pit”
  • √SAP “*dig” ✧ PE19/086

iâ

chasm

_ n. _chasm, pit. >> Moria

iâ

noun. chasm, pit; void, abyss, chasm, pit; void, abyss; [N.] gulf

A word variously glossed “void, abyss” (Let/383), “chasm, pit” (PE17/35), or “gulf” (Ety/YAG), it was the final element in the name S. Moria “Black Chasm, Black Pit”. It was a derivative of the root √YAG, and in The Etymologies of the 1930s its primitive form was given as ᴹ✶yagu- (Ety/YAG), in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s its primitive form was ᴹ✶yagō (RS/437), while in a 1967 letter its primitive form was ✶yagā (Let/383).

Derivations

• ✶yagā ✧ Let/383
  • √YAG “gap, gap; [ᴹ√] yawn, gape” ✧ Let/383
• √YAG “gap, gap; [ᴹ√] yawn, gape” ✧ PE17/035

Element in

• S. Moria “Black Chasm, Black Pit” ✧ Let/383; PE17/035; SA/iâ

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶yagā > iâ	[jagā] > [jaga] > [jaɣa] > [jā]	✧ Let/383
√YAG > iâ	[jagā] > [jaga] > [jaɣa] > [jā]	✧ PE17/035

gass

hole

(i ’ass, construct gas) (gap), pl. gais (i ngais = i ñais)

dath

pit

dath (i dhath) (hole, steep fall, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8)

dath

pit

(i dhath) (hole, steep fall, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8)

dath

hole

1) dath (i dhath) (pit, steep fall, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8), 2) gass (i **ass, construct gas) (gap), pl. gais (i ngais** = i ñais), 3)

dath

hole

(i dhath) (pit, steep fall, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8)

iâ

chasm

iâ (gulf, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

iâ

chasm

(gulf, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

tess

fine pierced hole

(i dess, construct tes), pl. tiss (i thiss). Archaic ters *(VT46:18)*****

torech

hole

torech (i dorech, o thorech) (lair, excavation), pl. terich (i therich) for archaic törich.

torech

hole

(i dorech, o thorech) (lair, excavation), pl. terich (i therich) for archaic törich.

akhâs

noun. chasm

A noun for “chasm” attested only in the prepositional phrase akhāsada “into chasm” (SD/247) and akhās-ada “chasm-into” (SD/311), the latter example making it clear which element means what.

Element in

• Ad. azrîya du-phursâ akhâsada “that [the] seas should gush into [the] chasm” ✧ SD/247
• Ad. azrē nai {phurusam >>} phurrusim akhās-ada “seas might-flow Chasm-into” ✧ SD/311

Variations

• akhās ✧ SD/247; SD/311

sapnā

noun. delved hole, pit

Changes

• sapmā → sapnā ✧ PE19/086

Derivations

• √SAP “*dig” ✧ PE19/086

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. sapta “(delved) hole, pit; [ᴱQ.] grave”
• Q. samna “delved hole, pit” ✧ PE19/086

Variations

• sapmā ✧ PE19/086 (sapmā)

ekka

noun. hole

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. ecca “hole, *lair”

Element in

• S. torech “lair, (secret) hole, excavation” ✧ PE17/188

daudh

noun. pit

Derivations

• ᴹ✶dagdā “pit” ✧ EtyAC/DAG
  • ᴹ√DAG “dig” ✧ EtyAC/DAG

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶dagdā > dauð	[dagdā] > [daudā] > [dauda] > [dǭda] > [douda] > [douða] > [dauða] > [dauð]	✧ EtyAC/DAG

Variations

• dauð ✧ EtyAC/DAG (dauð)

dath

noun. hole, pit, steep fall, abyss

dath

noun. hole, pit; steep fall, abyss

Cognates

• ᴹQ. latta “hole, pit” ✧ Ety/DAT; EtyAC/DAT

Derivations

• ᴹ✶dattā “hole, pit” ✧ Ety/DAT; EtyAC/DAT
  • ᴹ√DAT “fall down” ✧ Ety/DAT; EtyAC/DAT

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶dattā > dath	[dattā] > [datta] > [dattʰa] > [daθθa] > [daθθ] > [daθ]	✧ Ety/DAT

ters

noun. (fine pierced) hole

tess

noun. (fine pierced) hole

torech

noun. hole, excavation, lair

gas

noun. hole, gap